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Pluralistic: O(N^2) nationalism (26 Nov 2025) - Pluralistic: Daily links from Cory Doctorow

2025-11-26T12:33:18.000Z

Today's links

O(N^2) nationalism: Trumpism can only be defeated throuh international nationalism.
Hey look at this: Delights to delectate.
Object permanence: Paywall kremlinology; How to fix everything; Office365 is spyware; State-owned Amazon.
Upcoming appearances: Where to find me.
Recent appearances: Where I've been.
Latest books: You keep readin' em, I'll keep writin' 'em.
Upcoming books: Like I said, I'll keep writin' 'em.
Colophon: All the rest.

O(N^2) nationalism (permalink)

In their 2023 book Underground Empire, political scientists Henry Farrell and Abraham Newman describe how the modern world runs on US-based systems that other nations treat(ed) as neutral platforms, and how that is collapsing:

https://pluralistic.net/2023/10/10/weaponized-interdependence/#the-other-swifties

Think of the world's fiber optic cables: for most of the internet's history, it was a given that one end of the majority of the world's transoceanic fiber would make landfall on one of the coasts of the USA. US telcos paid to interconnect these fiber head-ends – even ones on opposite coasts – with extremely reliable, high-speed links.

This made a certain kind of sense. Pulling fiber across an ocean is incredibly expensive and difficult. Rather than run cables between each nation in the world, countries could connect to the US, and, in a single hop, connect to anywhere else.

This is a great deal, provided that you trust the USA to serve as an honest broker for the world's internet traffic. Then, in 2013, the Snowden leaks revealed that America's National Security Agency was spying on pretty much everyone in the world.

Since then, the world has undergone a boom in new transoceanic fiber, most of it point-to-point links between two countries. Despite the prodigious logistical advantages of a hub-and-spoke model for ocean-spanning fiber networks, there just isn't any nation on Earth that can be entrusted with the world's information chokepoint, lest they yield to temptation to become the world's gatekeeper.

Don't get me wrong: there are also advantages to decentralized (or even better, distributed) interconnections in the world's data infrastructure. A more dispersed network topology is more resilient against a variety of risks, from political interference to war to meteor strikes.

But connecting every country to every other country is a very expensive proposition. Our planet has 205 sovereign nations, and separately connecting each of them to the rest will require 20,910 links.

In complexity theory, this is an "Order N-squared" ("O(n^2)") problem – every additional item in the problem set squares the number of operations needed to solve it. We aren't anywhere near a world where every country has a link to every other country on Earth. Instead, we're in an unsettled period, where warring theories about how to decentralize, and by how much, have created a weird, lopsided network topology.

Obviously, fiber interconnection isn't the most important "neutral platform" that the US (formerly) provided to the rest of the world. The most important American platform is the US dollar, which most countries in the world use as a reserve currency, and also as a standard for clearing international transactions. If someone in Thailand wants to buy oil from someone in Saudi Arabia, they do so in dollars. This is called "dollar clearing."

The case for dollar clearing is similar to the case for linking all the world's fiber through US data-centers. It's a big lift to ask every seller to price their goods in every potential buyer's currency, and it's a lot to ask every Thai baht holder to race around the world seeking someone who'll sell them Saudi riyals – and then there's the problem of what they do with the change left over from the transaction.

Establishing liquid markets for every pair of every currency has the same kind of complexity as the problem of establishing fiber links between every country.

Since the mid-20th century, we've solved this problem by treating the US dollar as a neutral platform. Countries opened savings accounts at the US Federal Reserve and stashed large numbers of US dollars there (when someone says, "China owns umpty-billion in US debt," they just mean, "There's a bank account in New York at the Fed with China's name on it that has been marked up with lots of US dollars").

Merchants, institutions and individuals that wanted to transact across borders used the SWIFT system, which is nominally international, but which, practically speaking, is extremely deferential to the US government.

Issuing the world's reserve and reference currency was a source of enormous power for the US, but only to the extent that it used that power sparingly, and subtly. The power of dollarization depended on most people believing that the dollar was mostly neutral – that the US wouldn't risk dollar primacy by nakedly weaponizing the dollar. Dollarization was a bet that America First hawks would have the emotional maturity to instrumentalize the dollar in the most sparing and subtle of fashion.

But today, no one believes that the dollar is neutral. First came the Argentine sovereign debt default: in 2001, the government of Argentina wiped out investors who were holding its bonds. In 2005, a group of American vulture capitalists scooped up this worthless paper for pennies, then sued in New York to force Argentina to make good on the bonds, and a US court handed over Argentina's foreign reserves, which were held on US soil.

That was the opening salvo in a series of events showed everyone in the world that the US dollar wasn't a neutral platform, but was, rather, a creature of US policy. This culminated with the Russian invasion of Ukraine, which saw the seizure of Russian assets in the USA and a general blockade on Russians using the SWIFT system to transfer money.

Whether or not you like the fact that Russian assets were transferred to Ukraine to aid in its defense against Russian aggression (I like it, for the record), there's no denying that this ended the pretense that the dollar was a neutral platform. It was a signal to every leader in the world that the dollar could only be relied upon for transaction clearing and foreign reserves to the extent that you didn't make the USA angry at you.

Today, Donald Trump has made it clear that the US's default posture to every country in the world is anger. The US no longer has allies, nor does it have trading partners. Today, every country in the world is America's adversary and its rival.

But de-dollarization isn't easy. It presents the same O(n^2) problem as rewiring the world's fiber: creating deep, liquid markets to trade every currency against every other currency is an impossible lift (thus far), and there's no obvious candidate as a replacement for the dollar as a clearing currency.

As with fiber, we are in an unsettled period, with no obvious answer, and lots of chaotic, one-off gestures towards de-dollarization. For example, Ethiopia is re-valuing its foreign debt in Chinese renminbi:

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-10-20/ethiopia-in-talks-with-china-to-convert-dollar-loans-into-yuan

But fiber and dollars aren't the only seemingly neutral platforms that America provided to the world as a way of both facilitating the world's orderly operation and consolidating America's centrality and power on the global stage.

America is also the world's great digital exporter. The world's governments, corporations and households run on American cloud software, like Google Docs and Office365. Their records are held in Oracle databases. Their messages and media run on iPhones. Their cloud compute comes from AWS.

The Snowden revelations shook this arrangement, but it held. The EU extracted a series of (ultimately broken) promises from the US to the effect that America wouldn't spy on Europeans using Big Tech. And now, after a brittle decade of half-measures and uneasy peace with American tech platforms, Trump has made it clear that he will not hesitate to use American tech platforms to pursue his geopolitical goals.

Practically speaking, that means that government officials that make Trump angry can expect to have their cloud access terminated:

https://apnews.com/article/icc-trump-sanctions-karim-khan-court-a4b4c02751ab84c09718b1b95cbd5db3

Trump can – and does – shut down entire international administrative agencies, without notice or appeal, as a means of coercing them into embracing American political goals.

What's more, US tech giants have stopped pretending that they will not share sensitive EU data – even data housed on servers in the EU – with American spy agencies, and will keep any such disclosures a secret from the European governments, companies and individuals who are affected:

https://www.forbes.com/sites/emmawoollacott/2025/07/22/microsoft-cant-keep-eu-data-safe-from-us-authorities/

All this has prompted a rush of interest in the "Eurostack," an effort to replicate the functionality of US tech companies' cloud services:

https://pluralistic.net/2025/10/15/freedom-of-movement/#data-dieselgate

But the Eurostack's proponents are really working on the preliminaries to digital sovereignty. It's not enough to have alternatives to US Big Tech. There also needs to be extensive work on migration tools, to facilitate the move to those alternatives. No one is going to manually copy/paste a million documents out of their ministry or corporation's GSuite repository and into a Eurostack equivalent. There are a few tools that do this today, but they're crude and hard to use, because they are probably illegal under America's widely exported IP laws.

Faithfully transferring those files, permissions, edit histories and metadata to new clouds will require a kind of guerrilla warfare called "adversarial interoperability." Adversarial interoperability is the process of making a new thing work with an existing thing, against the wishes of the existing thing's manufacturer:

https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2019/10/adversarial-interoperability

The problem is that adversarial interoperability has been mostly criminalized in countries all around the world, thanks to IP laws that prohibit study, reverse engineering and modification of software without permission. These laws were spread all over the world at the insistence of the US Trade Representative, who, for 25 years, has made this America's top foreign trade priority.

Countries that balked at enacting laws were threatened with tariffs. Virtually every country in the world fell into line:

https://pluralistic.net/2025/01/15/beauty-eh/#its-the-only-war-the-yankees-lost-except-for-vietnam-and-also-the-alamo-and-the-bay-of-ham

But then Trump happened. The Trump tariffs apply to countries that have voluntarily blocked their own investors and entrepreneurs from making billions by supplying products that unlock and improve America's enshittified tech exports. These blocks also exposed everyone in the world to the data- and cash-plundering scams of US Big Tech, by preventing the creation of privacy blockers, alt clients, jailbreaking kits, and independent app stores for phones, tablets and consoles.

What's more, the laws that block reverse-engineering are also used to block repair, forcing everyone from train operators to hospitals to drivers to everyday individuals to pay a high premium and endure long waits to get their equipment serviced by the manufacturer's authorized representatives:

https://pluralistic.net/2024/05/24/record-scratch/#autoenshittification

These US-forced IP laws come at a high price. They allow American companies to pick your nation's pockets and steal its data. They interfere with repair and undermine resiliency. They also threaten security researchers who audit critical technologies and identify their dangerous defects:

https://pluralistic.net/2024/09/30/life-finds-a-way/#ink-stained-wretches

On top of that, they expose your country to a range of devastating geopolitical attacks by the Trump administration, who have made it clear that they will order American tech companies to brick whole governments as punishment for failing to capitulate to US demands. And of course, all of these remote killswitches can be operated by anyone who can hack or trick the manufacturer, including the Chinese state:

https://pluralistic.net/2024/10/07/foreseeable-outcomes/#calea

Speaking of China, isn't this exactly the kind of thing we were warned would happen if we allowed Chinese technology into western telecommunications systems? The Chinese state would spy on us, and, in times of extremis, could shut down our critical infrastructure with a keystroke.

This is exactly what America is doing now (and has been doing for some time, as Snowden demonstrated). But it's actually pretty reasonable to assume that a regime as competent and ambitious (and ruthless) as Xi Jinping's might make use of this digital power if doing so serves its geopolitical goals.

And there is a hell of a lot of cloud-connected digital infrastructure that Xi does (or could) control, including the solar inverters and batteries that are swiftly replacing fossil fuel in the EU:

https://pluralistic.net/2025/09/23/our-friend-the-electron/#to-every-man-his-castle

And if you're worried about China shutting down your solar energy, you should also worry about America's hold on the embedded processors in your country's critical systems.

Take tractors. Remember when Putin's thugs looted millions of dollars' worth of tractors from Ukraine and spirited them away to Chechnya? The John Deere company sent a kill command to those tractors and bricked them, rendering them permanently inoperable:

https://pluralistic.net/2022/05/08/about-those-kill-switched-ukrainian-tractors/

Sure, there's a certain cyberpunk frisson in this tale of a digital comeuppance for Russian aggressors. But think about this for ten seconds and you'll realize that it means that John Deere can shut down any tractor in the world – including all the tractors in your country, if Donald Trump forces them to:

https://pluralistic.net/2025/10/20/post-american-internet/#huawei-with-american-characteristics

The national security case for digital sovereignty includes people worried about American aggression. It includes people worried about Chinese aggression. It includes people worried about other countries that might infiltrate and make use of these remote kill switches. And it includes people worried about criminals doing the same.

True digital sovereignty requires more than building Eurostack data-centers and the software to run on them. It requires more than repealing the IP laws that block cloud customers from migrating their data to those Eurostack servers. It requires the replacement of the cloud software and embedded code that power our infrastructure and administrative tools.

This is a gigantic task. Ripping out all the proprietary code that powers our cloud software and devices and replacing it with robust, auditable, user-modifiable free/open source software is a massive project.

It's also a project that's long overdue. And crises precipitate change. Putin's invasion of Ukraine vaporized every barrier to Europe's solar conversion, rocketing the bloc from ten years behind schedule to fifteen years ahead of schedule in just a few years.

The fact that changing out all the proprietary, opaque, vulnerable code in our world and replacing it with open, free, reliable code is hard has no bearing on whether it is necessary.

It is necessary. What's more, replacing all the code isn't like replacing the dollar, or replacing the fiber. It isn't hamstrung by the O(n^2) problem.

Because if the Eurostack code is open and free, it can also be the Canadian stack, the Mexican stack, the Ghanaian stack, and the Vietnamese stack. It can be a commons, a set of core technologies that everyone studies for vulnerabilities and improves, that everyone adds features to, that everyone localizes and administers and bears the costs for.

It is a novel and curious form of "international nationalism," a technology that is more like a science. In the same way that the Allies and the Axis both used the same radio technologies to communicate, a common, open digital infrastructure is one that everyone – even adversaries – can rely upon.

This is a move that's long overdue. It's a move that's in the power of every government, because it merely involves changing your own domestic laws to enable adversarial interoperability. Its success doesn't depend on a foreign state forcing Apple or Google or Microsoft or Oracle to do something they don't want to do:

https://pluralistic.net/2025/11/01/redistribution-vs-predistribution/#elbows-up-eurostack

The opportunity and challenge of building the post-American internet is part of the package of global de-Americanization, which includes running new fiber and de-dollarization. But the post-American internet is unique in that it is the only part of this project that can be solved everywhere, all at once, and that gets cheaper and easier as more nations join in.

Hey look at this (permalink)

On contrarian history https://going-medieval.com/2025/11/25/on-contrarian-history/
Game Theory Explains How Algorithms Can Drive Up Prices https://www.wired.com/story/game-theory-explains-how-algorithms-can-drive-up-prices/
Part 1: My Life Is a Lie https://www.yesigiveafig.com/p/part-1-my-life-is-a-lie
The American Pay Cut That Gave Us Obama and Trump, Twice https://www.americasundoing.com/p/it-works-if-you-work-it
Americans are holding onto devices longer than ever and it’s costing the economy https://www.cnbc.com/2025/11/23/how-device-hoarding-by-americans-is-costing-economy.html

Object permanence (permalink)

#20yrsago Transformers costumes that turn into cars and jets https://web.archive.org/web/20051127021810/http://www.marksprojects.com/costumestrans.htm

#15yrsago London police brutally kettle children marching for education https://web.archive.org/web/20101126000126/http://www.newstatesman.com/blogs/laurie-penny/2010/11/children-police-kettle-protest

#15yrsago Kremlinology with Rupert Murdoch: what do the Times paywall numbers mean? https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2010/nov/25/times-paywall-cory-doctorow

#10yrsago Ifixit is the new Justice League of America and Kyle Wiens is its Superman https://web.archive.org/web/20151125125009/https://motherboard.vice.com/read/how-to-fix-everything

#5yrsago Random Penguin to buy Simon & Schuster https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/25/the-peoples-amazon/#merger-to-monopoly

#5yrsago A state-owned Amazon https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/25/the-peoples-amazon/#correo-compras

#5yrsago Office 365 spies on employees for bosses https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/25/the-peoples-amazon/#clippys-revenge

#5yrsago Tech in SF https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/25/the-peoples-amazon/#asl

Upcoming appearances (permalink)

Toronto: Jailbreaking Canada (OCAD U), Nov 27
https://www.ocadu.ca/events-and-exhibitions/jailbreaking-canada
San Diego: Enshittification at the Mission Hills Branch Library, Dec 1
https://libraryfoundationsd.org/events/doctorow
Seattle: Neuroscience, AI and Society (University of Washington), Dec 4
https://www.eventbrite.com/e/neuroscience-ai-and-society-cory-doctorow-tickets-1735371255139
Virtual: Poetic Technologies with Brian Eno (David Graeber Institute), Dec 8
https://davidgraeber.institute/poetic-technologies-with-cory-doctorow-and-brian-eno/
Madison, CT: Enshittification at RJ Julia, Dec 8
https://rjjulia.com/event/2025-12-08/cory-doctorow-enshittification
Hamburg: Chaos Communications Congress, Dec 27-30
https://events.ccc.de/congress/2025/infos/index.html

Recent appearances (permalink)

How the internet went to sh*t (Prospect Magazine)
https://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/podcasts/prospect-podcast/71663/cory-doctorow-how-the-internet-went-to-sht
Enshittification and “Breaking Kings” (Web Summit)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CpLudlrwS_g
Enshittification Nation (The Lever)
https://www.levernews.com/enshittification-nation/
Enshittification with Oh God What Now
https://castbox.fm/episode/Why-Tech-Sucks-%E2%80%93%C2%A0Cory-Doctorow-on-Enshittification-and-how-to-fix-it-id4634015-id876127534
Enshittification with The Lede (New Lines Magazine)
https://newlinesmag.com/podcast/why-the-internet-got-bad-and-how-to-fix-it/

Latest books (permalink)

"Canny Valley": A limited edition collection of the collages I create for Pluralistic, self-published, September 2025
"Enshittification: Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, October 7 2025
https://us.macmillan.com/books/9780374619329/enshittification/
"Picks and Shovels": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about the heroic era of the PC, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2025 (https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250865908/picksandshovels).
"The Bezzle": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about prison-tech and other grifts, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2024 (the-bezzle.org).
"The Lost Cause:" a solarpunk novel of hope in the climate emergency, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), November 2023 (http://lost-cause.org).
"The Internet Con": A nonfiction book about interoperability and Big Tech (Verso) September 2023 (http://seizethemeansofcomputation.org). Signed copies at Book Soup (https://www.booksoup.com/book/9781804291245).
"Red Team Blues": "A grabby, compulsive thriller that will leave you knowing more about how the world works than you did before." Tor Books http://redteamblues.com.
"Chokepoint Capitalism: How to Beat Big Tech, Tame Big Content, and Get Artists Paid, with Rebecca Giblin", on how to unrig the markets for creative labor, Beacon Press/Scribe 2022 https://chokepointcapitalism.com

Upcoming books (permalink)

"Unauthorized Bread": a middle-grades graphic novel adapted from my novella about refugees, toasters and DRM, FirstSecond, 2026
"Enshittification, Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It" (the graphic novel), Firstsecond, 2026
"The Memex Method," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 2026
"The Reverse-Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book about being a better AI critic, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, June 2026

Colophon (permalink)

Today's top sources:

Currently writing:

"The Reverse Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book for Farrar, Straus and Giroux about being an effective AI critic. LEGAL REVIEW AND COPYEDIT COMPLETE.
"The Post-American Internet," a short book about internet policy in the age of Trumpism. PLANNING.
A Little Brother short story about DIY insulin PLANNING

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ISSN: 3066-764X

Stolen Focus - Luna’s Blog

2025-11-26T00:00:00.000Z

Note: The bulk of this article was written a few months ago, and left gathering dust on my hard drive. I rediscovered it recently and decided to put it out there, even though it’s still a little rough around the edges.

I’ve been concerned about my digital habits for a long time.

When I was active on Twitter years ago, I found myself endlessly fixated on follower counts, retweets, likes, anything that could be quantified about the perceived quality of my posting, and constantly comparing myself against the numbers accrued by people I perceived to be my peers. For a time, I fell into an almost capitalistic mindset. “My last post did better than my usual baseline, now I’ll be disappointed if my future posts fail to reach these new highs”, and so on. Ironically, the few times my posts reached a degree of popularity that could be considered “viral”, I hated it. I couldn’t stand the sudden spotlight of attention from so many so far outside my bubble.

Starting in 2022, I spent a while in the baffling-in-retrospect position of being simultaneously active on what I believe to be among the most and least toxic social media platforms of all: TikTok and Cohost, respectively.

TikTok is a strange place. You open the app, and you’re presented with a video, selected for you at random. Flick your thumb upwards, and it’s replaced by another. And another. This is the core interaction loop. See video, scroll to see another. Based on watch time, likes, comments, any other interactions, TikTok “learns” what you’re interested in — or at least, what’ll keep you on the platform — and biases the feed towards those kinds of videos.

I quickly found myself in the trans corner of the platform — colloquially “transtok” — and in May of 2022 I started posting my own videos. Early on, these posts were largely centered around trans topics, later {d,}evolving into flirting with other creators, doing one-off comedy bits, and rambling about whatever topic had taken my interest at the time. I’m not particularly proud of my posts over there. Worse, all those bad habits from Twitter came across too. Once again, I had become fixated on follower counts, view counts, view/like ratios and so on.

While this was going on, in June of 2022 I signed up for Cohost, a primarily text-based social platform that was trying something different. No algorithmic feed, no recommendation engine, and — crucially — no numbers. There was no such thing as a “big account” on Cohost, because nobody had a visible follower count — there was no easily-digestible numerical heuristic for how big of a deal someone was supposed to be. Without any avenue for clout-chasing behaviors, it became a much healthier and cozier place. People would share their hobbies, not because they wanted the dopamine of Number Go Up, but because they were genuinely passionate and wanted to connect with other passionate people. The only publicly visible engagement metrics on the site were how many comments a post had — how many people had taken the time to actually say something instead of just clicking a little heart icon to make Number Go Up. (The site did have a Likes feature — you could privately view a feed of posts you’d liked, and you’d receive a notification when someone liked your post — but the number of likes on a given post was never made visible.)

It took me a while to ‘get’ Cohost. It took a while before my feed reached a comfortable — if small, cosy, quiet — mass of people. Posts were less frequent, but generally more careful and considered than elsewhere. I grew tired of trying to please the TikTok algorithm, and gradually diverted my attention away from posting there. Over time, my posting on Twitter, Mastodon, and Bluesky trailed off somewhat, as I found myself primarily using Cohost instead. When the Cohost staff announced the site would be shutting down in late 2024, I was devastated. I loved what Cohost was so much, and I didn’t want to go back to more traditional social media.

At 10:00am on September 11th 2024, I made my last post to Twitter, and logged out.

Luna (@lunasorcery) · 11 Sep 2024
i've been thinking a lot lately about my relationship with social media. cohost shutting down has opened my eyes to just how toxic this place is for me. i'm logging out and i don't plan on coming back. find me elsewhere.

I deleted the Bluesky app from my phone, as I wanted to focus my attention towards the fediverse instead. Bluesky, it seemed to me, was just Twitter 2, filled with the exact same clout-chasing discourse-hungry vibes I was keen to avoid. This worked for a time, but eventually I found myself leaving a Bluesky tab open regularly on my phone’s web browser.

I couldn’t find a Mastodon client that I liked — my wants and needs from a client app have shifted massively over the past few years, but the lack of a client that suits me has remained frustratingly consistent — and settled on the default mobile web interface as a “least bad” option.

Several months later, I had the sudden realization that — as an incidental side effect of these changes — I hadn’t received a single push notification from public social media in quite some time. Where I would once wake up to see various “@ReplyGuy replied to your post”, I was now waking up just to messages from my partners.

By this time, however, I had become once again hopelessly addicted to social media. I wasn’t getting notifications, and I wasn’t fixated on numbers any more, but I was still compulsively checking and refreshing, desperate for the feed to give me another hit of dopamine. I lost hours each day to flicking through TikTok any time I had a quiet moment — rather to flood my brain with stimulation than have to sit in uncomfortable silence even for a moment. A partner and I would engage in a habit we called “TikTok time”, where we’d screen-share the videos we’d Liked recently with each other. Increasingly I was finding I had little to show for the hours I’d spent scrolling the feed. It had become akin to a slot machine; I kept scrolling and scrolling in the hopes that maybe the next video would be something I wanted to see — whatever that was.

As I write this, there’s a magpie chittering loudly outside my window. They’re my favorite birds.

A few weeks ago [at time of writing; a few months ago at time of editing], in a moment of... mania? clarity? ...I finally deleted TikTok from my phone. No ceremony or pause for thought, just “I need to delete this thing”, and a few taps later it was gone. One of the last videos I saw in the days leading up to that moment was a clip from a Q&A with comedian Simon Amstell, which went as follows:

AUDIENCE MEMBER: You seem like the sort of person who may have transcended his mobile phone addiction. Have you, and is there any tips?

SIMON AMSTELL: I read a book called Stolen Focus by Johann Hari, and he said:

Make it black and white,

turn all the noises off,

turn off all notifications,

and take all the apps off of your phone that don’t need to be there, like — I don’t know, whatever it’ll be — X, Instagram, blah blah blah...

And then when I made it colour again because of satnav, I was like {miming squinting at a screen}, it was just so bright. I was like, “Fuck, it’s like living in Vegas”.

But I remember years ago, looking at the phone over and over, and at some point I was like “What would I even want the message to say? What would complete me? What is it?” and the first thing that came to my head was “Hi Simon, I know you’re very busy, but could I pay you for sex?”

A little while later, with a renewed interest in curtailing my unhealthier digital habits, I decided I perhaps ought to read Stolen Focus myself, rather than just taking on faith a TikTok-sized summary.

I looked it up on Apple Books, and started reading the free sample to get a feel for it. Some time later, I reached the end of the second chapter — the end of the free sample — and paused for a moment, as I realized it was perhaps the longest stretch of text I’d read in a single session — without interruption or skimming — in quite a considerable amount of time.

I recognized, of course, the irony in reading a book about phone addiction and our dwindling attention spans on a phone, and resolved that despite their generous free trial, I would not in fact purchase the full book through Apple’s digital storefront. Instead, I would buy a physical copy, put my devices away, and try to read it without distractions, without nagging notifications, and without flooding my eyeballs with harsh artificial light. I’m delighted to be able to say that I managed to do so. It may sound silly to you but, after all this time, I was beginning to wonder if I still had the capacity for focus like that at all.

I paused every few chapters, to allow what I’d just read to sink in. At times, I would read a powerful passage and need to take a moment to think on it, perhaps explore for a while how it related to my own experiences. Crucially, I did not fill these breaks by flooding my brain with an endlessly scrolling feed of shit.

Do not go into the book hoping or expecting for it to be a life-changing self-help book. While it does contain suggestions of individual changes one can take to improve their focus in the modern world, which are worth taking on board, the book’s main goal is to provide an analysis of why we’re in this attention crisis, taking great lengths to explore the systemic factors at play, and how we might collectively go about changing the tide in a larger, more meaningful way. This is made particularly apparent upon reaching chapter eight, which bears the subtitle “Why Individual Changes are an Important Start, But Not Enough”. It’s this chapter from which Simon appears to have drawn the summarized advice above.

It would be easy, I think, to read the book and come out feeling defeated; to come to a conclusion that individual actions are an exercise in futility, especially as the the book explores the broader over-arching societal factors at play. (The underlying problem, as always, is capitalism.) But I think acknowledging and exploring the factors at play, taking the individual actions we can and getting a larger conversation going about it, is still a valuable starting point.

The first step, of course, is admitting there’s a problem.

Pluralistic: Google steers Americans looking for health care into "junk insurance" (25 Nov 2025) - Pluralistic: Daily links from Cory Doctorow

2025-11-25T16:19:19.000Z

Today's links

Google steers Americans looking for health care into "junk insurance" : An enshittified search monopolist meets the worst health care system imaginable.
Hey look at this: Delights to delectate.
Object permanence: Disaster fantasies; "Sea to Sea"; Veronica Belmont on surviving memeification; Email carcinization.
Upcoming appearances: Where to find me.
Recent appearances: Where I've been.
Latest books: You keep readin' em, I'll keep writin' 'em.
Upcoming books: Like I said, I'll keep writin' 'em.
Colophon: All the rest.

Google steers Americans looking for health care into "junk insurance" (permalink)

Being "the enshittification guy" means that people expect you to weigh in on every service or platform that has been deliberately worsened to turn a buck. It's an impossible task (and a boring one besides). There's too much of this shit, and it's all so mid – a real "banality of enshittification" situation.

So these days, I really only take note of fractally enshittified things, exponentially enshittified things, omnienshittified things. Things like the fact that Google is sending people searching for health care plans to "junk insurance" that take your money and then pretty much just let you die:

https://pluralistic.net/junk-insurance

"Junk insurance" is a health insurance plan that is designed as a short-term plan that you might use for a couple of days or a week or two, say, if you experience a gap in coverage as you move between two jobs. These plans can exclude coverage for pre-existing conditions and typically exclude niceties like emergency room visits and hospitalization:

https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Broader-View_July_2020.pdf

Crucially, these plans to not comply with the Affordable Care Act, which requires comprehensive coverage, and bans exclusions for pre-existing conditions. These plans only exist because of loopholes in the ACA, designed for very small-scale employers or temporary coverage.

The one thing junk insurance does not skimp on is sales and marketing. These plans outbid the rest of the market when it comes to buying Google search ads, meaning that anyone who uses Google to research health insurance will be inundated with ads for these shitty plans. The plans also spend a fortune on "search engine optimization" – basically, gaming the Google algorithm – so that the non-ad Google results for health insurance are also saturated with these garbage plans.

The plans also staff up boiler-rooms full of silver-tongued high-pressure sales staff who pick up on the first ring and hard-sell you on their plans, deliberately misleading you into locking into their garbage plans.

That's right, locking in. While Obamacare is nominally a "market based" healthcare system (because Medicare For All would be communism), you are only allowed to change vendors twice per year, during "open enrollment," these narrow biannual windows in which you get to "vote with your wallet" against a plan that has screwed you over and/or endangered your life.

Which means that if a fast-talking salesdroid from a junk insurance company can trick you into signing up for a garbage plan that will leave you bankrupt and/or dead if you have a major health crisis, you are stuck for at least six months in that trap, and won't escape without first handing over thousands of dollars to that scumbag's boss.

Amazingly enough, these aren't even the worst kinds of garbage health plans that you can buy in America: those would be the religious "health share" programs that sleazy evangelical "entrepreneurs" suck their co-religionists into, which cost the world and leave you high and dry when you or your kids get hurt or sick:

https://armandalegshow.com/episode/is-it-ever-appropriate-to-fudge-a-little/

The fact that there are multiple kinds of scam health insurance in America, in which companies are legally permitted to take your money and then deny you care (even more than the "non-scam" insurance plans do) shows you the problem with turning health into a market. "Caveat emptor" may make sense when you're buying a used blender at a yard-sale. Apply it to the system that's supposed to take care of you if you're diagnosed with cancer, hit by a bus, or develop eclampsia, and it's a literally fatal system.

This is just one of the ways in which the uniparty is so terrible for Americans. The Republicans want to swap out shitty regulated for-profit health insurance with disastrous unregulated for-profit health insurance, and then give you a couple thousand bucks to yolo on a plan that seems OK to you:

https://www.cnbc.com/2025/11/24/republicans-push-obamacare-tax-credit-alternatives-as-deadline-looms.html

This is like letting Fanduel run your country's health system: everyday people are expected to place fifty-way parlay bets on their health, juggling exclusions, co-pays, deductibles, and network coverage in their head. Bet wrong, and you go bankrupt (if you're lucky), or just die (if you're not).

Democrats, meanwhile, want to maintain the (garbage) status quo (because Medicare for All is communism), and they'll shut down the government to make it clear that they want this. But then they'll capitulate, because they want it, but not that badly.

But like I say, America is an Enshittification Nation, and I don't have time or interest for cataloging mere unienshittificatory aspects of life here. To preserve my sanity and discretionary time, I must limit myself to documenting the omnienshittificatory scams that threaten us for every angle at once.

Which brings me back to Google. Without Google, these junk insurance scams would be confined to the margins. They'd have to resort to pyramid selling, or hand-lettered roadside signs, or undisclosed paid plugs in religious/far-right newsletters.

But because Google has utterly succumbed to enshittification, and because Google has an illegal monopoly – a 90% market share – that it maintains by bribing competitors like Apple to stay out of the search market, junk insurance scams can make bank – and ruin Americans' lives wholesale – by either tricking or paying Google to push junk insurance on unsuspecting searchers.

This isn't merely a case of Google losing the SEO and spam wars to shady operators. As we learned in last year's antitrust case (where Google was convicted of operating an illegal search monopoly), Google deliberately worsened its search results, in order to force you search multiple times (and see multiple screens full of ads) as a way to goose search revenue:

https://pluralistic.net/2024/04/24/naming-names/#prabhakar-raghavan

Google didn't just lose that one antitrust case, either. It lost three cases, as three federal judges determined that Google secured and maintains an illegal monopoly that allows it to control the single most important funnel for knowledge and truth for the majority of people on Earth. The company whose mission is to "organize the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful," now serves slop, ads, spam and scams because its customers have nowhere to go, so why bother spending money making search good (especially when there's money to be made from bad search results)?

Google isn't just too big to fail, it's also too big to jail. One of the judges who found Google guilty of maintaining an illegal monopoly decided not to punish them for it, and to allow them to continue bribing Apple to stay out of the search market, because (I'm not making this up), without that $20b+ annual bribe, Apple might not be able to afford to make cool new iPhone features:

https://pluralistic.net/2025/09/03/unpunishing-process/#fucking-shit-goddammit-fuck

Once a company is too big to fail and too big to jail, it becomes too big to care. Google could prevent slop, spam and scams from overrunning its results (and putting its users lives and fortunes at risk), it just *chooses not to:

https://pluralistic.net/2024/04/04/teach-me-how-to-shruggie/#kagi

Google is the internet's absentee landlord. Anyone who can make a buck by scamming you can either pay Google to help, or trick Google into helping, or – as is the case with junk insurance – both:

https://pluralistic.net/2025/07/15/inhuman-gigapede/#coprophagic-ai

America has the world's stupidest health care system, an industry that has grown wildly profitable by charging Americans the highest rates in the rich world, while delivering the worst health outcomes in the rich world, why slashing health workers' pay and eroding their working conditions.

It's omnienshittified, a partnership between the enshittified search giant and the shittiest parts of the totally enshittified health industry.

It's also a reminder of what we stand to gain when we finally smash Google and break it up: disciplining our search industry will make it competitive, regulatable, and force it to side with the public against all kinds of scammers. Junk insurance should be banned, but even if we just end the junk insurance industry's ability to pay the world's only major search engine to help it kill us, that would be a huge step forward.

Hey look at this (permalink)

Nvidia’s ‘I’m Not Enron’ memo has people asking a lot of questions already answered by that memo https://www.theverge.com/business/828047/nvidia-enron-conspiracy-accounting
How Black Friday Loyalty Programs Rip Off Shoppers https://economicpopulist.substack.com/p/how-black-friday-loyalty-programs
The Hater's Guide To NVIDIA https://www.wheresyoured.at/the-haters-guide-to-nvidia/
GrapheneOS migrates server infrastructure from France amid police intimidation claims https://www.privacyguides.org/news/2025/11/22/grapheneos-migrates-server-infrastructure-from-france-amid-police-intimidation-claims/
Competition Commissioner Boswell calls it quits early https://www.donotpassgo.ca/p/competition-commissioner-matthew

Object permanence (permalink)

#20yrsago Solar utility pole: streetlight, WiFi, CCTV and charger https://web.archive.org/web/20060508050552/http://www.starsightproject.com/en/africa/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=12&Itemid=52

#20yrsago Sony rootkit recall makes The Onion https://web.archive.org/web/20051126015022/http://www.theonion.com/content/node/42988

#15yrsago Menstruating woman subjected to TSA grope because panty-liner obscured her vulva on pornoscanner https://blog.gladrags.com/2010/11/24/tsa-groin-searches-menstruating-woman/

#15yrsago Set to Sea: moving and beautiful graphic novel about a poet who becomes an involuntary sailor https://memex.craphound.com/2010/11/24/set-to-sea-moving-and-beautiful-graphic-novel-about-a-poet-who-becomes-an-involuntary-sailor/

#10yrsago Cultural appropriation? Hindu nationalists used yoga as an anti-colonialist export https://web.archive.org/web/20151124030935/http://www.slate.com/articles/double_x/doublex/2015/11/university_canceled_yoga_class_no_it_s_not_cultural_appropriation_to_practice.html

#10yrsago Leaked recording: pollution lobbyists discuss exploiting Syrian refugee crisis https://theintercept.com/2015/11/24/lobbyists-refugee-crisis/

#10yrsago Dell apologizes for preinstalling bogus root-certificate on computers https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2015/11/dell-apologizes-for-https-certificate-fiasco-provides-removal-tool/

#10yrsago Veronica Belmont on being overtaken by a meme https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bTThblbbnkM

#10yrsago J Edgar Hoover was angry that the Boy Scouts didn’t thank him effusively enough https://www.muckrock.com/news/archives/2015/nov/24/j-edgar-hoover-insults/

#10yrsago WTO rules against US dolphin-safe tuna labels because they’re unfair to Mexican fisheries https://theintercept.com/2015/11/24/wto-ruling-on-dolphin-safe-tuna-labeling-illustrates-supremacy-of-trade-agreements/

#10yrsago Shamrock shake: Pfizer’s Irish “unpatriotic loophole” ducks US taxes https://arstechnica.com/science/2015/11/with-160-billion-merger-pfizer-moves-to-ireland-and-dodges-taxes/

#5yrsago Talking interop on EFF's podcast https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/24/zawinskiian-carcination/#comcom

#5yrsago Cheap Chinese routers riddled with backdoors https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/24/zawinskiian-carcination/#jetstream

#5yrsago Emailifaction is digital carcinization https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/24/zawinskiian-carcination/#carcinization

#5yrsago Saudi Aramco is gushing debt https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/24/zawinskiian-carcination/#gusher

#5yrsago Sci-Fi Genre https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/24/zawinskiian-carcination/#asl

#1yrago The far right grows through "disaster fantasies" https://pluralistic.net/2024/11/24/mall-ninja-prophecy/#mano-a-mano

Upcoming appearances (permalink)

Toronto: Jailbreaking Canada (OCAD U), Nov 27
https://www.ocadu.ca/events-and-exhibitions/jailbreaking-canada
San Diego: Enshittification at the Mission Hills Branch Library, Dec 1
https://libraryfoundationsd.org/events/doctorow
Seattle: Neuroscience, AI and Society (University of Washington), Dec 4
https://www.eventbrite.com/e/neuroscience-ai-and-society-cory-doctorow-tickets-1735371255139
Virtual: Poetic Technologies with Brian Eno (David Graeber Institute), Dec 8
https://davidgraeber.institute/poetic-technologies-with-cory-doctorow-and-brian-eno/
Madison, CT: Enshittification at RJ Julia, Dec 8
https://rjjulia.com/event/2025-12-08/cory-doctorow-enshittification
Hamburg: Chaos Communications Congress, Dec 27-30
https://events.ccc.de/congress/2025/infos/index.html

Recent appearances (permalink)

Enshittification Nation (The Lever)
https://www.levernews.com/enshittification-nation/
Enshittification with Oh God What Now
https://castbox.fm/episode/Why-Tech-Sucks-%E2%80%93%C2%A0Cory-Doctorow-on-Enshittification-and-how-to-fix-it-id4634015-id876127534
Enshittification with The Lede (New Lines Magazine)
https://newlinesmag.com/podcast/why-the-internet-got-bad-and-how-to-fix-it/
Today in Focus (The Guardian)
https://www.theguardian.com/news/audio/2025/nov/24/enshittification-how-we-got-the-internet-no-one-asked-for-podcast
Enshittification with Vass Bednar (Vancouver Public Library)
https://www.crowdcast.io/c/0wzs9iu1q225

Latest books (permalink)

"Canny Valley": A limited edition collection of the collages I create for Pluralistic, self-published, September 2025
"Enshittification: Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, October 7 2025
https://us.macmillan.com/books/9780374619329/enshittification/
"Picks and Shovels": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about the heroic era of the PC, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2025 (https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250865908/picksandshovels).
"The Bezzle": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about prison-tech and other grifts, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2024 (the-bezzle.org).
"The Lost Cause:" a solarpunk novel of hope in the climate emergency, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), November 2023 (http://lost-cause.org).
"The Internet Con": A nonfiction book about interoperability and Big Tech (Verso) September 2023 (http://seizethemeansofcomputation.org). Signed copies at Book Soup (https://www.booksoup.com/book/9781804291245).
"Red Team Blues": "A grabby, compulsive thriller that will leave you knowing more about how the world works than you did before." Tor Books http://redteamblues.com.
"Chokepoint Capitalism: How to Beat Big Tech, Tame Big Content, and Get Artists Paid, with Rebecca Giblin", on how to unrig the markets for creative labor, Beacon Press/Scribe 2022 https://chokepointcapitalism.com

Upcoming books (permalink)

"Unauthorized Bread": a middle-grades graphic novel adapted from my novella about refugees, toasters and DRM, FirstSecond, 2026
"Enshittification, Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It" (the graphic novel), Firstsecond, 2026
"The Memex Method," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 2026
"The Reverse-Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book about being a better AI critic, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2026

Colophon (permalink)

Today's top sources:

Currently writing:

"The Reverse Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book for Farrar, Straus and Giroux about being an effective AI critic. FIRST DRAFT COMPLETE AND SUBMITTED.
A Little Brother short story about DIY insulin PLANNING

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Quotations and images are not included in this license; they are included either under a limitation or exception to copyright, or on the basis of a separate license. Please exercise caution.

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"When life gives you SARS, you make sarsaparilla" -Joey "Accordion Guy" DeVilla

ISSN: 3066-764X

Gadget Review: SOUNDPEATS Clip1 Cuff Headphones ★★★★☆ - Terence Eden’s Blog

2025-11-25T12:34:34.000Z

The good folks at SOUNDPEATS have sent me their new "Clip1" headphones to review. They are easily the most comfortable headphones I've ever worn.

Typically, headphones fall into three broad categories.

In ear, like the Apple EarPods.
Over ear, like the Beats.
Bone Conducting, like the AfterShokz.

But these are not typical headphones. These are part of a new category of "cuff" audio. They clip (gently!) to your ears. It's actually a pretty clever way to stop your earbuds falling out - and means no uncomfortable foam stuffed into your ear canal. And no wax build up! They only weigh 5g, so are almost unnoticeable while wearing them.

Here's the obligatory promo shot:

And this is what it looks like in my ears:

You can adjust where they sit to make them more comfortable or bring the speaker closer to your ear canal. Here's it riding low on my earlobe.

Just like all modern earphones, it comes with a charging case. The case takes USB-C and doubles as battery storage.

Pop the buds in, wait 10 minutes, take them out with 2 hour of playback charge. The button on the back allows you to pair the clips to your Bluetooth device.

What's In The Box

As well as the clips and their case, you get a small instruction leaflet, a short charging-only lead, and some stickers.

Sound Quality

OK, but how do they sound? Look, I'm not an audiophile - I'm not going to bore on about sparkling centre-stage and ambient high-ends. They sound good. They're not remarkably different from any other headphone. They're small, so you're not going to get the brain-pounding bass that you might get from a heavier over-ear set. They don't completely fill your ear-holes, so you'll be able to hear some of the world around you.

On that note, because they're not sealed into your ear that means there's no noise-cancellation. It also means a small bit of sound leakage. Fine if you're out jogging, but probably best not to listen to anything loud while on public transport, eh?

And, yes, they do go loud. At 50% volume they drowned out the sound of my typing. They have enough power to be relatively painful (if that's what you want) and can absolutely be heard by other people.

But the sound quality is fine. Sure, they have LDAC and all sorts of fancy equaliser features. But the reality is you're probably listening to streaming audio while out in a noisy environment. I listened to a variety of stereo demos and they all sounded great.

I tried a couple of pitch-sweep apps and heard from ~40Hz to ~14kHz. That may be my ears though! Either way - more than good enough for music and voice.

Speaking of vocals, the Clip1 has "AeroVoice™" which claims to be a wind noise reduction mode when speaking. Here's a quick recording of me speaking while standing outside.

🔊

💾 Download this audio file.

Call quality was fine. I could hear people and they could hear me. Similarly, recording on Android was pretty good.

🔊

💾 Download this audio file.

Not as good as a dedicated microphone, but good enough for calls.

The nice thing about the clips is that you can choose how high on your ear you want them. Depending on the size and shape of your lugs, you can have the speaker as far away or as close as is comfortable. Personally, I like them tucked just under my earlobes - but having them ride at the top makes it much easier to hear my surroundings. Either way, the clip are gentle and don't pinch. I find them much easier to wear for a long period than most other cans.

Features

They also come with a few cool features. Most impressive is the auto-ear detection. A gyroscope inside each clip means they automatically know which one is in your left ear and which is in your right. You don't need to look for a little symbol or try and work out which one fits - just clip 'em on and start listening.

Like lots of modern headphones, they will auto-pause your music if you take them off your ears. Unlike the Pixel Buds, they won't pause if you start talking. Placing them in their case and closing the lid immediately disconnects them from your device.

They can connect to two devices simultaneously. Again, that's pretty standard for this class of device. You can listen to music from your laptop and also have your phone connected to take calls. However, this feature isn't available if you use LDAC.

To set up LDAC and other features, you'll need to use their proprietary app.

The App

The PeatsAudio App isn't mandatory, thankfully. It is an iron law of the universe that hardware companies simply can't make decent software. You'll need the app if you want to update the firmware on the Clips. Not that it tells you much about what the firmware update fixes.

It displays the battery level of the clips and their case in this comically large graphic:

You can also fiddle around with the audio equaliser if that's important to you.

There's also an EQ test which attempts to create a personalised listening profile depending on the state of your hearing.

You can set the various sound modes - including LDAC and Dolby.

The most useful thing about the app is the ability to configure the touch controls. Unlike the Pixel Buds, there's no "swipe" detection for changing volume or tracks. Instead you can manually set the actions for double-, triple-tap for each ear.

You can also set various modes and launch your device's AI assistant if you want. Except, this screen is a lie. They only support double- and triple-taps! I spoke to the manufacturer and they said:

Regarding the custom key, please kindly note that Clip1 differs from our other touch-controlled devices as it uses tap controls. Single taps have a high false-trigger rate, and enabling single taps would actually cause more issues. Therefore, this model does not support single taps or long presses.

I wish they supported swipe though. With multiple taps, your timing must be precise so as not to trigger the wrong function.

The app has annoying habit of prompting you to perform a firmware update - even when you're on the latest version.

Annoyingly, you need to register an account before you can use the app. Worst still, you cannot use the app without granting it Internet access! If you're on the tube and have no connection, you won't be able to change the EQ or set the button functions. Rubbish!

I suggest you install the app, configure the device, and then uninstall immediately.

Linux and Android Compatibility

Of course! Bluetooth is a mature, well-supported technology. They connected to my Linux laptop without any problems.

And, yes, even the LDAC codec was supported!

Similarly for Android, LDAC and Spatial Audio were detected.

There were no connection issues - they paired quickly and without fuss.

Bugs

When I got them, they would only play in mono - one of the buds was reporting a dead battery, although it was happy to play audio. Only one channel played though. Because of the low battery, I couldn't run the firmware update function from the app. I tried running the "reset" function which did make them forget my phone - but still didn't fix the battery issue. There's also a "drainage" function which played some loud tones repeatedly - I suspect this is to attempt to drain the batteries quicker. Both buds continued making noise for a while - even though one was claiming to be dead.

I switched to the LDAC codec and all of a sudden, stereo worked. I flicked between the different codecs on my laptop and it went back to mono - and wouldn't go back to stereo until a disconnect and reconnect.

I charged both buds overnight which seemed to resolve the problem. I updated the firmware just to be on the safe side. Then everything started working again.

The app itself is a pile of bugs. After upgrading the firmware, it appeared to give me access to extra tap shortcuts. None of them could be set and they disappeared after reconnecting the clips. The fact that it can't be used offline is a serious weakness. The FAQ page goes to a 404 error.

Worth it?

These cost between £60 - £80 depending on whether the algorithm favours you. That's certainly more than the cheapest USB-C headphones but pretty reasonable. Yes, you can get basic Bluetooth headphones for a tenner, but these are extremely comfortable and feature-packed.

It would be nice if manufacturers could agree on a single standard for recharging headphones. I've got several pairs and, while all the cases take USB-C, none of the buds work in each other's chargers. The lack of swipe is a bit annoying, but not devastating. The app is trash, but you only need to use it once.

Wearing them takes a little bit of getting used to. The clip isn't tight, but you will notice it at first. Shaking your head vigorously won't dislodge them. There's no pressure in your ear canal. It is unusual, but rather pleasant. But, without a doubt, they are comfortable to wear for extended periods.

The touch controls are a bit fiddly. Yes, you can touch at the speaker, wire, or the bit behind your ear - which makes it an easy target no matter where on the ear you wear them - but it is too easy for a triple-tap to be mistaken for a double-tap. Battery life was excellent - after about 3 hours of (non-LDAC) listening, they were still on 60% so I've no doubt they'll reach the projected 8 hours of listening time. The case is a bit lightweight and flimsy, but it contains enough power to recharge the cans multiple times. The USB-C charged at about 2W - not exactly rapid but good enough.

I don't know if clip-on earphones are the future - but they certainly solve some of the problems with in-ear phones. They're lightweight, comfortable, and less likely to fall out while you're moving.

Overall? They've got excellent sound quality, they feel great, and are unique enough to be interesting. There aren't many clip-style headphones available in the UK - so these are a great way to experiment with the form-factor.

MY CONES ARE ALSO NAMED BART - Nicky FloweRSS

2025-11-25T03:05:00.000Z

MY CONES

ARE ALSO NAMED

BART

Nicky Flowers - i love traffic cones and i love public transit aaa - 11/24/25 - (send any comments/questions to hello at nickyflowers dot com)

Pluralistic: Cooking in Maximum Security (24 Nov 2025) - Pluralistic: Daily links from Cory Doctorow

2025-11-24T14:41:06.000Z

Today's links

Cooking in Maximum Security: A companion volume to "Prisoners' Inventions."
Hey look at this: Delights to delectate.
Object permanence: Cursed house; Randall Munroe's stick figures; Reverse engineering a gig work platform; Barbie surveillance toy teardown; Labor and large firms.
Upcoming appearances: Where to find me.
Recent appearances: Where I've been.
Latest books: You keep readin' em, I'll keep writin' 'em.
Upcoming books: Like I said, I'll keep writin' 'em.
Colophon: All the rest.

Cooking in Maximum Security (permalink)

Cooking in Maximum Security is a slim volume of prisoners' recipes and improvised cooking equipment, a testament to the ingenuity of a network of prisoners in Italy's maximum security prisons:

https://halfletterpress.com/cooking-in-maximum-security/

Cooking in Maximum Security has a new English translation from Half Letter Press, who also publish the classic Prisoner's Inventions, which is one of my favorite books of all time, a collection of keenly observed, beautifully drawn material improvisations from America's prisons:

https://pluralistic.net/2021/06/09/king-rat/#mother-of-invention

Prison cookbooks are a genre unto themselves, with "underground" classics like Jailhouse Cookbook:

http://jailhousecookbook.com/

And slick coffee-table books like Prison Ramen:

https://www.eater.com/23900359/gastropod-instant-ramen-prison-ramen-recipes-stories-maruchan-cup-noodle

But Cooking in Maximum Security drills down much deeper on the method than those other books, elevating the makerish improvisation of the chefs whose work it reproduces. They explain how to make an oven out of a wooden stool lined with cigarette foil and draped with heavy blankets, into which a small gas burner is introduced:

https://www.cookinginmaximumsecurity.com/tools/

Or how to turn a toothbrush handle and the razor blade from a pencil-sharpener into an all-purpose paring knife:

https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-l4sjfhdy/images/stencil/2048×2048/products/771/3042/CookinginMax4__83959.1762438870.jpg?c=2

These field-expedient gadget improvisations are incredibly satisfying. They have the vibe of a good episode of Scrapheap Challenge, or the high-stakes duct-tape ingenuity of Apollo 13. And while these recipes and build notes were collected in the 2010s, the pencil/charcoal illustrations have a classic 1970s feel, like the illustrations out of the Moosewood Cookbook or The Joy of Sex. If you love the kind of clever repurposings that filled the pages of Make magazine, you'll love this.

Plus, the food sounds incredible. Mouth-watering. Fresh bread whose dough was warmed and risen by setting it atop the heat-radiating surface of a CRT television!

One thing that sets Cooking in Maximum Security apart from other prison cookbooks is the unique character of Italian maximum security prisons, in which visitors are allowed to bring a fairly large variety of goods to inmates, and where the commissary is stocked with an incredible variety of basic ingredients, including things like goat and beef livers (the book reproduces an entire commissary menu, with prices, as an appendix). Prisoners have access to beer and wine, and find endless uses for old beer cans. The book also drops in casual clues about life in an Italian prison, for example, when it suggests getting your wooden stirrer by taking down a crucifix and using that.

Cooking in Maximum Security arose out of a project called "MoCa" (a play on the essential moka coffee maker that is the most versatile and widely used tool in this book). Prisoners met with, and corresponded with, outside helpers who put together the entire volume. One collaborator, Mario, died shortly after sending a long letter (reproduced in an appendix) from solitary confinement, and this letter, along with other notes interspersed through the recipes, give a brilliant anthropological account of life in Italian maximum security prisons.

The MoCa project isn't done – they've embarked on "Phase II," which will collect recipes from Spanish prisoners.

It's a remarkable book, and an essential companion to Prisoner's Inventions.

Hey look at this (permalink)

Bossware booms as bots determine whether you're doing a good job https://www.theregister.com/2025/11/23/bossware_monitor_remote_employees/
Morality offsets https://www.metafilter.com/48233/Dumping-the-SUV-guilt#1171485
Nation’s Largest Landlord Is Encouraged to Break the Law With Measly Fine for Price Fixing Scheme That Kept Rents Artificially High and Worsened Homelessness Crisis | naked capitalism https://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2025/11/nations-largest-landlord-is-encouraged-to-break-the-law-with-measly-fine-for-price-fixing-scheme-that-kept-rents-artificially-high-and-worsened-american-homelessness-crisis.html
Fran Sans https://emilysneddon.com/fran-sans-essay

Object permanence (permalink)

#20yrsago Sony rootkit hurts artists https://web.archive.org/web/20051125121608/http://businessweek.com/technology/content/nov2005/tc20051122_343542.htm

#20yrsago Anti-game lawyer loses right to practice law in Alabama https://arstechnica.com/uncategorized/2005/11/5613-2/

#20yrsago Tech business niches begging to be filled https://techcrunch.com/2005/11/21/companies-id-like-to-profile-but-dont-exist/

#20yrsago Giving EU air-passenger data to US DHS is illegal https://www.rte.ie/news/2005/1122/70024-eu/

#15yrsago What John Pistole means when he talks about “enhanced” TSA checkpoints https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0wrDzMD_BC8

#15yrsago Rock-Paper-Scissors-Lizard-Spock explained in 32 seconds https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mJKHFPBwDRA

#15yrsago TSA looks at Adam Savage’s junk, misses his two 12″ razor blades https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q3yaqq9Jjb4

#10yrsago What’s inside a “Hello Barbie” surveillance toy? https://www.somersetrecon.com/blog/2015/11/20/hello-barbie-security-part-1-teardown

#10yrsago J Edgar Hoover loved Efrem Zimbalist’s “FBI” https://www.muckrock.com/news/archives/2015/nov/23/efrem-zimbalist-fbi-file/

#10yrsago Blankets: New edition of Craig Thompson’s graphic masterpiece https://memex.craphound.com/2015/11/23/blankets-new-edition-of-craig-thompsons-graphic-masterpiece/

#10yrsago Randall Munroe does a Q&A with stick-figure comics https://time.com/4116921/randall-munroe-draws-his-own-conclusions/

#10yrsago On the grotesque obsession with accomplished women’s fertility https://harpers.org/archive/2015/10/the-mother-of-all-questions/?single=1

#10yrsago How browser extensions steal logins & browsing habits; conduct corporate espionage https://labs.detectify.com/security-guidance/chrome-extensions-google-is-tracking-you/

#10yrsago Activist tricked into 6-year relationship with undercover cop tells her story https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/nov/20/lisa-jones-girlfriend-of-undercover-police-office-mark-kennedy-interview

#5yrsago An Especially Cursed House https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/22/especially-cursed/#mcmansion-hell

#5yrsago Guatemala's guillotines https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/23/opsec-and-personal-security/#guillotines

#5yrsago The power of procurements https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/23/opsec-and-personal-security/#procurements

#5yrsago Labor and large firms https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/23/opsec-and-personal-security/#monopsony

#5yrsago A textbook grift https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/23/opsec-and-personal-security/#racket

#5yrsago Australian predictive policing tool for kids https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/23/opsec-and-personal-security/#phrenology

#5yrsago Opsec and personal security https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/23/opsec-and-personal-security/#asl

#1yrago Reverse engineers bust sleazy gig work platform https://pluralistic.net/2024/11/23/hack-the-class-war/#robo-boss

Upcoming appearances (permalink)

Toronto: Jailbreaking Canada (OCAD U), Nov 27
https://www.ocadu.ca/events-and-exhibitions/jailbreaking-canada
San Diego: Enshittification at the Mission Hills Branch Library, Dec 1
https://libraryfoundationsd.org/events/doctorow
Seattle: Neuroscience, AI and Society (University of Washington), Dec 4
https://www.eventbrite.com/e/neuroscience-ai-and-society-cory-doctorow-tickets-1735371255139
Virtual: Poetic Technologies with Brian Eno (David Graeber Institute), Dec 8
https://davidgraeber.institute/poetic-technologies-with-cory-doctorow-and-brian-eno/
Madison, CT: Enshittification at RJ Julia, Dec 8
https://rjjulia.com/event/2025-12-08/cory-doctorow-enshittification
Hamburg: Chaos Communications Congress, Dec 27-30
https://events.ccc.de/congress/2025/infos/index.html

Recent appearances (permalink)

Today in Focus (The Guardian)
https://www.theguardian.com/news/audio/2025/nov/24/enshittification-how-we-got-the-internet-no-one-asked-for-podcast
Enshittification with Vass Bednar (Vancouver Public Library)
https://www.crowdcast.io/c/0wzs9iu1q225
Tech unions against enshittification (TUC)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m11hmiHu6Tc
It’s not your job to fix the internet (Vergecast)
https://www.theverge.com/podcast/822822/enshittification-cory-doctorow-interview-vergecast
Enshittification with danah boyd and Lee Vinsel (Peoples & Things)
https://newbooksnetwork.com/cory-doctorow-on-enshittification-why-everything-suddenly-got-worse-and-what-to-do-about-it

Latest books (permalink)

"Canny Valley": A limited edition collection of the collages I create for Pluralistic, self-published, September 2025
"Enshittification: Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, October 7 2025
https://us.macmillan.com/books/9780374619329/enshittification/
"Picks and Shovels": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about the heroic era of the PC, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2025 (https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250865908/picksandshovels).
"The Bezzle": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about prison-tech and other grifts, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2024 (the-bezzle.org).
"The Lost Cause:" a solarpunk novel of hope in the climate emergency, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), November 2023 (http://lost-cause.org).
"The Internet Con": A nonfiction book about interoperability and Big Tech (Verso) September 2023 (http://seizethemeansofcomputation.org). Signed copies at Book Soup (https://www.booksoup.com/book/9781804291245).
"Red Team Blues": "A grabby, compulsive thriller that will leave you knowing more about how the world works than you did before." Tor Books http://redteamblues.com.
"Chokepoint Capitalism: How to Beat Big Tech, Tame Big Content, and Get Artists Paid, with Rebecca Giblin", on how to unrig the markets for creative labor, Beacon Press/Scribe 2022 https://chokepointcapitalism.com

Upcoming books (permalink)

"Unauthorized Bread": a middle-grades graphic novel adapted from my novella about refugees, toasters and DRM, FirstSecond, 2026
"Enshittification, Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It" (the graphic novel), Firstsecond, 2026
"The Memex Method," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 2026
"The Reverse-Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book about being a better AI critic, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2026

Colophon (permalink)

Today's top sources:

Currently writing:

"The Reverse Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book for Farrar, Straus and Giroux about being an effective AI critic. FIRST DRAFT COMPLETE AND SUBMITTED.
A Little Brother short story about DIY insulin PLANNING

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Quotations and images are not included in this license; they are included either under a limitation or exception to copyright, or on the basis of a separate license. Please exercise caution.

How to get Pluralistic:

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https://twitter.com/doctorow

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"When life gives you SARS, you make sarsaparilla" -Joey "Accordion Guy" DeVilla

ISSN: 3066-764X

HTHRFLWRS #16 - Things Are Really Great Here, Sort Of - Heather ⬢ Flowers

2025-11-24T02:27:01.000Z

Hey, y’all. Been a while.

I’m sure you’ve been wondering where your dearest darlingest Heather Flowers has wandered off to! I’ve been wondering much the same. So, a quick set of updates:

Unfair Flips recently passed 1,000 reviews on Steam, at 92% positive!! This confers no algorithmic benefit but it makes me feel nice. Thank you to everyone who reviewed my horrible coin game!
I helped run a megagame at Pax Unplugged! That was a ton of fun. If you haven’t played a megagame before: you should! They’re a blast!
People seem to really like my new Fallen London story (The Shape of Infinity)! People have been saying very nice things to me.
I got long COVID and now everything in my life is harder.

That last one is kinda the big one! I’ve been learning over the past couple months how to cope with significant chronic fatigue. Fortunately, I’m far from the first person to cope with this kind of thing, so I’ve had a lot of good reading to do. I’d like to specifically shout out:

“Notes from a Sickbed,” by Tessa Brunton. At times incredibly raw and extremely funny, Tessa Brunton moves past a symptom list to some of the truest, weirdest parts of the experience of chronic fatigue. The ending in particular has struck a huge chord with me these past couple months.
“A Brief Guide to (early onset) Wizard Puberty,” by Shel Kahn. This one combines fantastical metaphor with a very real emotional core, and I sent it to several people to help them understand part of what I’ve been going through. A favorite quote: “Wizardry, here, isn’t about transforming your relationship with the extraordinary… it’s about transforming your relationship with the ‘normal.’”
This one website that’s been a huge help in learning about stuff like preemptive rest, pacing, energy envelopes, and the like.
All of my friends who have gone through this before me and have tolerated/encouraged my whining as I go through this process myself.

What does this mean for my creative output, you ask? I’m still figuring that out! I basically had a month where I was a dead body that could occasionally be shuttled to different locations, and then I had a month where I’ve been feeling a lot better but also keenly aware of my every limit and if I ever step over those limits I lose entire days to recovery. I’m not entirely sure what the next few months have in store for me!

I will say that I’m not stopping. I’m going to continue making games, though probably a different way, and probably slower. I’m going to continue writing. I’m going to hopefully update this newsletter a lot more, because I finally quit Bluesky as I promised. Mostly quit. It’s a process.

It’s an unsettling calculus, having to treat my own body as a potential liability. My body’s one of my favorite things! It lets me see the world, which is one of my other favorite things! But now, because of changes to my body, my world is much smaller.

I’ve calculated the exact radius of how far I can walk in one go, how much work I can do in one sitting, how much fun I can have before I need to rest; and, sweeping an arc, I have calculated the circumference of my life. It still encompasses my home; my friends; my loved ones; some of my ambitions (but not others); many of my hobbies (but not others); good food; good days; good nights; some adventures (with backup support); a perfectly circular cut of happiness. I am often tempted to dwell on what I cannot do: all the happiness beyond that circumference. I try not to, though. Perhaps the circumference will grow again. Perhaps it’ll stay the same size. Perhaps it’ll even shrink.

I hope it doesn’t shrink. But, if it does, I’ll still have everything still inscribed.

Best,
Heather Flowers

Question of the Week: The process of acceptance is long and difficult. What’s something you’ve recently made peace with?

P.S. After taking the medical advice of a random trans person on the internet (which has historically only gone well for me), I started taking creatine monohydrate a month ago. It may be a coincidence that it perfectly matched my upswing from “dead body that hasn’t realized it yet” to “able to help run a megagame for six hours (after sleeping sixteen hours a day for the previous two days, and fully anticipating an energy crash the next day),” but I’m not gonna stop taking it to find out.

P.P.S. The title of this newsletter is a reference to one of my favorite albums, Andrew Bird’s “Things Are Really Great Here, Sort Of…” — it’s a strange one, since it’s a cover album but I like literally every cover version better than the original songs. Fantastic feeling-sad music.

Now witness the power of this fully operational Fediverse! - Terence Eden’s Blog

2025-11-23T12:34:35.000Z

How can you measure the popularity of a social network site? Perhaps by counting the number of active accounts, or the quality of the discourse, or even how many people reply to your witty memes.

Me? I prefer to look at how many people visit my blog from each site. It is an imperfect measure - and a vain one - but lets me know where I should be spending my time. No point posting on a network which is just bots talking to each other, right?

Earlier this year I built a stats-counter for my blog. Every time someone clicks from a website which links to my blog, it records that visit in a database. I get to see which blog posts are doing numbers, and where those numbers came from.

Until fairly recently, the Mastodon social network didn't send referer details. I thought that reduced the visibility of the network and lobbied for it to change. As various Mastodon servers upgrade, and admins opt-in, it is becoming more apparent just how much traffic originates from the Fediverse.

Over the last few weeks, here's how many people have clicked from BlueSky and Mastodon to one of my blog posts.

Total	Source
1,607	bsky.app
752	mastodon.social

At first glance, it doesn't look good for our elephantine friends, does it? The butterfly sends over twice the traffic. Game over!

But, of course, while Mastodon.social is the biggest instance - it is far from the only one. What happens if we slide down the long tail? Here's all the Mastodon-ish instances which sent me over 10 clicks.

Total	Source
193	phanpy.social
120	android-app://org.joinmastodon.android/
106	infosec.exchange
62	mas.to
59	mstdn.social
55	social.vivaldi.net
49	wandering.shop
48	fosstodon.org
33	mathstodon.xyz
27	mastodon.online
26	mastodon.scot
24	app.wafrn.net
19	indieweb.social
18	social.lol
17	tech.lgbt
17	toot.wales
16	en.osm.town
16	feditrends.com
14	mstdn.ca
14	piefed.social
12	wetdry.world
11	c.im
11	mastodon.nl
51	Sites sending < 10 clicks

Ah! Add them all up and you get a grand total of 1,773 visitors from Mastodon-powered sites. That's more than BlueSky.

Now, there are some obvious caveats to the data:

I have a smaller follower count on BlueSky than I do on Mastodon.
My posts may appeal more to one demographic than another.
People may have strict privacy controls which suppress the true volume of visitors.
There's no way to measure how long someone spends reading my posts.
RSS and newsletter visitors aren't counted.
Clicks from apps may not always show a referer.
Some people may be on multiple services.
Fediverse users can follow the post directly, so don't need to visit the site to read it.

And yet… no matter how you slice it, Fediverse servers are sending as much traffic as BlueSky!

I think this is brilliant. Web services should be able to scale from small to big - and each ActivityPub-powered site helps power the open Internet.

Just for completeness, this is how Reddit, Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, and Lemmy do over the same period:

Total	Source
1,158	reddit.com
585	android-app://com.reddit.frontpage/
76	facebook.com
76	https://old.reddit.com/r/programming/
56	https://www.reddit.com/r/programming/
52	youtube.com
41	t.co
38	https://old.reddit.com/r/todayilearned/comments/1nsw7f4/til_in_mongolia_instead_of_a_street_address_a/
31	linkedin.com
27	android-app://io.syncapps.lemmy_sync/
27	https://www.reddit.com/r/todayilearned/comments/1nsw7f4/til_in_mongolia_instead_of_a_street_address_a/
22	https://old.reddit.com/r/programming/comments/1n96ftn/40_years_later_are_bentleys_programming_pearls/
22	lemmy.ca
17	android-app://com.linkedin.android/
16	lemmy.dbzer0.com
14	feddit.org
11	https://www.reddit.com/r/programming/comments/1n96ftn/40_years_later_are_bentleys_programming_pearls/
10	discuss.tchncs.de
10	l.instagram.com
8	lemmy.blahaj.zone
6	https://www.reddit.com/r/GrapheneOS/comments/1m2l84b/considering_making_the_switch_does_google_pay/
6	reddthat.com

If you add up all the Lemmy instances, they send about as much traffic as Facebook and LinkedIn combined. That's not a huge surprise - those platforms hate anyone clicking away to the wider web.

Twitter is basically the Dead Internet. I'm no longer on there, but I do occasionally search it to see who is sharing my posts. The popular posts I write get shared a lot - sometimes by accounts with huge followers - yet there are no comments or retweets and barely and clicks.

I don't do Instagram or Threads, and that might be reflected in their low numbers. But I'm not active on YouTube either - yet people there occasionally link back to me.

Final Thoughts

Firstly, my stats only represent my site. Your site might be very different.

Secondly, I've ignored search engine traffic, big blogs, newsletters, and other sources.

Thirdly, and most importantly, this isn't a competition! The desire for a "winner-takes-all" service is dangerous and disturbing. An ecosystem is at its most vibrant when there are multiple participants each thriving in their own niche.

I want a thousand sites, running a hundred different software stacks, some of which only serve a dozen people, or even a lone participant.

Diversity is strength.

Pluralistic: Boss preppers (22 Nov 2025) - Pluralistic: Daily links from Cory Doctorow

2025-11-22T19:08:09.000Z

Today's links

Boss preppers: What does a captain of industry have to offer after the shit hits the fan?
Hey look at this: Delights to delectate.
Object permanence: Yahoo blocks webmail for adblockers; Badly forgiving student debt.
Upcoming appearances: Where to find me.
Recent appearances: Where I've been.
Latest books: You keep readin' em, I'll keep writin' 'em.
Upcoming books: Like I said, I'll keep writin' 'em.
Colophon: All the rest.

Boss preppers (permalink)

Sometimes, you learn a fact that makes everything else make sense – one of those keystone insights that puts a whole phenomenon into perspective. For example, the fact that preppers are engaged in a very specific type of wish-fulfillment.

I learned this during the first part of the pandemic lockdowns, when preppers were very much in our collective consciousness. On the Media featured an interview between Micah Loewinger and Richard Mitchell, author of Dancing at Armageddon: Survivalism and Chaos in Modern Times which features ethnographic studies of preppers:

https://pluralistic.net/2020/03/22/preppers-are-larpers/#preppers-unprepared

Mitchell described how preppers make ready for specific forms of societal collapse, based not on the likelihood of the event itself, but rather, based on how useful they would be in that situation. For example, a water chemist has made extensive preparations for an event in which terrorists poison the water-supply. When pressed, he couldn't explain why terrorists would choose his town to target with an attack like this, but basically thought it would be really cool if the only person who could save his town was him.

This is the "disaster fantasy" that propels the prepper movement, in which a functional, high-tech world of wicked, systemic problems is replaced with a fallen, low-tech society where the problems are all simple. A world of simple problems is a world of individual actors, where every struggle is just about what one person can make someone else do, or offer to someone else. It's a perfect world if you've been raised on Thatcher's neoliberal doctrine that "there is no such thing as society," only to find yourself in a society in which you can only make real change by participating in collective efforts:

https://pluralistic.net/2024/11/24/mall-ninja-prophecy/#mano-a-mano

All this raises the question of what rich preppers are prepping for. If your contribution to society consists of "allocating capital" and/or giving people orders, what, exactly, is the disaster that fulfills your fantasy of a world where your unique skills are the only thing that can save us all? What kind of disaster needs a boss?

In Douglas Rushkoff's 2022 book Survival of the Richest, he describes a surreal "futurism" consulting gig in which a bunch of wealthy investor types asked him to help them figure out how to keep their mercenaries in line after "The Event" (the end of the world):

https://pluralistic.net/2022/09/13/collapse-porn/#collapse-porn

These guys had the idea that what a fallen civilization needed was bosses, you see, but they were self-aware enough to recognize that the people who survived the apocalypse might not recognize their unique genius and simply fall into line. In order to assert their natural role as leaders after the shit hit the fan, these guys would need an army of heavily armed mercenaries. But again, these guys were self-aware enough to recognize that the mercenaries might also fail to recognize their unique fitness to rule and opt instead to slaughter them and raid their hoarded food, ammo and medical supplies.

So they wanted Rushkoff's advice – should they fit the mercs with bomb-collars that were on a dead-man's switch that would go off if the boss croaked? This was such a weird and revealing moment that Rushkoff got a whole book out of exploring the desire of the wealthy to both secede from the rest of us, and keep us all in line.

I was inspired by this and other experiences with people fantasizing about the world's end to take a run at rewriting Edgar Allan Poe's "Masque of the Red Death" as a story about investor/ubermenschen in a luxury bunker at the end of the world (spoiler: it doesn't go well for them):

https://pluralistic.net/2020/03/14/masque-of-the-red-death/#masque

All of this has been very much on my mind lately because I've been reading Quinn Slobodian's amazing Hayek's Bastards, a closely researched history of the merger of the neoliberal wing of the conservative movement with its white nationalist faction, producing a conservativism obsessed with "hard borders, hard-wired human difference, and hard money":

https://www.penguin.co.uk/books/472194/hayeks-bastards-by-slobodian-quinn/9780241774984

It's a revelatory history, one that argues convincingly that the brooding, violent racism of MAGA isn't so much a break with "Romney conservativism" of the "respectable" Republican Party as it is the attainment of the goals of the party's longstanding dominant tendency.

"Hard-wired human differences" refers to the "scientific racism" that the likes of Elon Musk pushes, the junk science that insists that there is such a thing as a "race," and that IQ measures something important and immutable, and that different "races" have different IQs, which is why some "races" do well, while others do poorly:

https://pluralistic.net/2020/08/16/combat-wheelchairs/#race-realism

"Hard-wired human difference" militate for "hard borders," since the teeming billions of racially inferior people in other countries would – given half a chance – come to the "good" countries and turn them into "shithole countries." This is the nonsense that Musk is peddling when he compares Britons to "hobbits" and warns that they about to be overrun by people who will "start raping the kids":

https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/elon-musk-compares-brits-to-hobbits-amid-shock-immigration-claim_uk_69089785e4b0c4a0f509d6f5?origin=home-latest-unit

But because the soft-headed, soft-hearted hobbits keep electing leaders who don't understand this, they'll get "overrun" by the bad "races," who demand welfare handouts, which the state can't afford, triggering "money printing" and Musk's other obsession, national debts:

https://fortune.com/2025/07/01/trump-spending-bill-pain-points-critics-elon-musk-medicaid-national-debt-clean-energy/

(Which is to say, Musk's understanding of money is just as wrongheaded as his understanding of genomics):

https://pluralistic.net/2020/06/10/compton-cowboys/#the-deficit-myth

In the disaster fantasy, the failure of hard borders leads to the inevitable consequences of hard-wired human differences, which means that we need "hard money" – gold. The modern right is a linear descendant of the goldbug movement, composed of grifters who made fortunes terrifying racists into buying gold as a hedge against the day when the collapse of the welfare state leads to race war and the dollar's vaporization:

https://mises.org/library/book/gold-peace-and-prosperity?d7_alias_migrate=1

For goldbugs, the coming collapse seems to be one that will demand coin collectors. In Hayek's Bastards, Slobodian quotes all these goldbug preppers furiously dreaming of a day when a single gold coin will let them buy a whole city block in Manhattan. Somehow, they've conceived of disaster scenario where the most needful of all things is a ductile metal with a few marginal uses in electronics.

It's a very weird kind of disaster fantasy. One can only assume that the guys figuring out how to assemble an army of bomb-collared mercs will just stroll over to these goldbugs' lesser bunkers and take their precious coins.

The modern goldbug is, of course, a crypto weirdo, and man is that a weird thing to be a prepper about. It will be a very odd apocalypse indeed that takes down all of modern civilization except for blockchains.

(Image: Morten Jensen, CC BY 2.0, modified)

Hey look at this (permalink)

Qualcomm enshittified Arduino https://www.linkedin.com/posts/adafruit_opensource-privacy-techpolicy-activity-7396903362237054976-r14H/
Why is knowledge getting so expensive? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PygUK16aQgk
Cooking Temperature and Hold Time Affect Beef Brisket Textural Properties and Cooking Yield https://www.iastatedigitalpress.com/mmb/article/id/18269/
The Dairy Products Theory of Dead Media (2004) https://bruces.medium.com/the-dairy-products-theory-of-dead-media-2004-34842e069335

Object permanence (permalink)

#20yrsago Sony insider: DRM is discredited at Sony https://memex.craphound.com/2005/11/20/sony-insider-drm-is-discredited-at-sony/

#20yrsago Microsoft: Trusted Computing sucks! https://web.archive.org/web/20060821002450/http://news.com.com/Who+has+the+right+to+control+your+PC/2100-1029_3-5961609.html

#20yrsago EFF brings class-action against Sony! https://web.archive.org/web/20051125183030/https://www.eff.org/news/archives/2005_11.php#004192

#20yrsago Texas sues Sony over rootkits — YEE-HAW! https://web.archive.org/web/20060204212201/https://www.oag.state.tx.us/oagNews/release.php?id=1266

#20yrsago 1,000 sqft secret chamber discovered in Indian National Library https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/secret-chamber-in-national-library/articleshow/6957358.cms

#15yrsago Who owns your mortgage, the mind-croggling flowchart edition https://web.archive.org/web/20101118032158/https://www.zerohedge.com/article/just-when-you-thought-you-knew-something-about-mortgage-securitizations

#15yrsago When did you choose to be straight? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJtjqLUHYoY

#15yrsago Dear airlines: goodbye https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2010/11/dear-airline-im-leaving-you/66750/

#15yrsago How TSA screeners feel about junk-touching https://web.archive.org/web/20140928131617/https://flyingwithfish.boardingarea.com/2010/11/18/tsa-enhanced-pat-downs-the-screeners-point-of-view/

#10yrsago Yahoo blocks some users from accessing email until they turn off ad-blocking https://web.archive.org/web/20151121172408/https://consumerist.com/2015/11/20/use-adblock-and-yahoo-may-block-you-from-reading-your-e-mail/

#10yrsago Alan Moore’s brilliantly bonkers lost 1980s Star Wars comics https://web.archive.org/web/20151122232854/https://www.techtimes.com/tags/alan-moores-star-wars

#10yrsago The secret history of the Haunted Mansion’s hall of changing paintings https://longforgottenhauntedmansion.blogspot.com/2015/11/the-changing-portrait-hall-that-never.html

#10yrsago England: You have four days to reply to the secret consultation on the NHS’s future https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/nov/19/nhs-mandate-england-consulation-deadline

#10yrsago Southwest Airlines surrenders to racists, refuses boarding to Arab-American passengers https://www.nbcsandiego.com/news/national-international/philly-pizza-shop-owner-profiled-southwest-airlines/89976/

#5yrsago Nintendo vs Nintendees https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/21/wrecking-ball/#ssbm

#5yrsago Google's monopoly rigged the ad market https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/20/sovkitsch/#adtech

#5yrsago Facebook bullies watchdog https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/20/sovkitsch/#adobserver

#5yrsago We're already (badly) forgiving student debt https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/20/sovkitsch/#student-debt

#5yrsago Little Revolutions https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/20/sovkitsch/#asl

#1yrago Expert agencies and elected legislatures https://pluralistic.net/2024/11/21/policy-based-evidence/#decisions-decisions

Upcoming appearances (permalink)

Toronto: Jailbreaking Canada (OCAD U), Nov 27
https://www.ocadu.ca/events-and-exhibitions/jailbreaking-canada
San Diego: Enshittification at the Mission Hills Branch Library, Dec 1
https://libraryfoundationsd.org/events/doctorow
Seattle: Neuroscience, AI and Society (University of Washington), Dec 4
https://www.eventbrite.com/e/neuroscience-ai-and-society-cory-doctorow-tickets-1735371255139
Madison, CT: Enshittification at RJ Julia, Dec 8
https://rjjulia.com/event/2025-12-08/cory-doctorow-enshittification
Hamburg: Chaos Communications Congress, Dec 27-30
https://events.ccc.de/congress/2025/infos/index.html

Recent appearances (permalink)

Enshittification with Vass Bednap (Vancouver Public Library)
https://www.crowdcast.io/c/0wzs9iu1q225
Tech unions against enshittification (TUC)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m11hmiHu6Tc
It’s not your job to fix the internet (Vergecast)
https://www.theverge.com/podcast/822822/enshittification-cory-doctorow-interview-vergecast
Enshittification with danah boyd and Lee Vinsel (Peoples & Things)
https://newbooksnetwork.com/cory-doctorow-on-enshittification-why-everything-suddenly-got-worse-and-what-to-do-about-it
Enshittification and Extraction: The Internet Sucks Now, with Tim Wu (Oxford Internet Institute)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CkYxMQJ9c94

Latest books (permalink)

"Canny Valley": A limited edition collection of the collages I create for Pluralistic, self-published, September 2025
"Enshittification: Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, October 7 2025
https://us.macmillan.com/books/9780374619329/enshittification/
"Picks and Shovels": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about the heroic era of the PC, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2025 (https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250865908/picksandshovels).
"The Bezzle": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about prison-tech and other grifts, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2024 (the-bezzle.org).
"The Lost Cause:" a solarpunk novel of hope in the climate emergency, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), November 2023 (http://lost-cause.org).
"The Internet Con": A nonfiction book about interoperability and Big Tech (Verso) September 2023 (http://seizethemeansofcomputation.org). Signed copies at Book Soup (https://www.booksoup.com/book/9781804291245).
"Red Team Blues": "A grabby, compulsive thriller that will leave you knowing more about how the world works than you did before." Tor Books http://redteamblues.com.
"Chokepoint Capitalism: How to Beat Big Tech, Tame Big Content, and Get Artists Paid, with Rebecca Giblin", on how to unrig the markets for creative labor, Beacon Press/Scribe 2022 https://chokepointcapitalism.com

Upcoming books (permalink)

"Unauthorized Bread": a middle-grades graphic novel adapted from my novella about refugees, toasters and DRM, FirstSecond, 2026
"Enshittification, Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It" (the graphic novel), Firstsecond, 2026
"The Memex Method," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 2026
"The Reverse-Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book about being a better AI critic, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2026

Colophon (permalink)

Today's top sources:

Currently writing:

"The Reverse Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book for Farrar, Straus and Giroux about being an effective AI critic. FIRST DRAFT COMPLETE AND SUBMITTED.
A Little Brother short story about DIY insulin PLANNING

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ISSN: 3066-764X

Magazine Review: DOCTYPE - Terence Eden’s Blog

2025-11-22T12:34:50.000Z

D'yer remember the eighties? The eighties, eh? Remember 'em? With the Acorn Archimedes an' that? What were we like? Remember them mags what y'got? The computer mags? Wirral the source code? Remember typin' it all in be hand? If yer semicolon were outta place y'd gerra syntax error! And you try telling that to the young people of today, will they believe yer?

For those of you born this century, it might be hard to believe but - yes - the way we distributed source code back in the day was on paper. Computer magazines would be full of news, reviews, letters (like the comments section of a website), classified ads (like eBay), and code listings - like this:

That's how I learned to code. Laboriously type in a few hundred lines of dense code, check it furiously for mistakes, get frustrated at a syntax error on line 115, scream "eureka!" when I got it running, and then investigated its inner workings.

A few months ago, Internet funster Matt Round announced that he was bringing back type-in mags. But, this time, for the web!

Would that work? In an era of vibe-coding, templates, and batteries-included frameworks, who on Earth would buy a magazine like this?

Well - you, I hope. Because it is now on sale and features a project written by me!

For a very reasonable £7.99, you get ten different games, projects, and demos to type in. That's a mere 79p per website! Cheaper than a C64 cassette I reckon.

The artwork by HappyToast is lush, the layout is gorgeous, and the programs are fun. Some of them you'll understand straight away, others you won't quite get until the very last character.

Could you cheat by scanning it, running OCR over the code, and then running it? Sure. But you can also hire someone to kiss your partner if you can't be bothered to put the effort in. Where's the fun in that?

Here's a sneak preview of mine:

I'd love your feedback on my project and I'd be delighted if you turned it into something awesome.

Copy-typing code - especially Max Goodhart's incredible "Quine" project - is a meditative and unusual experience. I propped up the magazine on my laptop and was delighted that I only made five typos the first time through.

Is this really how we lived? Yes! Is this something we should go back to? Well, that's a harder question to answer.

I hope you enjoy playing with what I and others have created. I bet you'll learn something new. Please remix mine and show it to your friends. If you haven't got a friend, one of the projects is a primitive Markov chain - so you can build your own digital pal.

You can buy DOCTYPE magazine now. It will make the perfect Christmas gift for all the nerds in your life.

The line and the stream. - Ethan Marcotte’s website

2025-11-21T04:00:00.000Z

I come from one of the poorest corners of a small, rural state. When I go back to visit, I book a night or two in this big hotel in my neck of the woods. The trips are heartwarming, and this last one was no exception: I got a chance to share a couple meals with old friends and family, surrounded by the hills and forests I still think of as home. This year has felt long and dark, and their faces and voices brightened it.

This hotel, though. Let me tell you about it. It’s new, first of all. Even if you’re driving through the area for the first time, you’ll be able to spot “new construction” as something that sticks out in the region. What’s more, this huge hotel’s been dropped on top of a mountain that’s too tiny for it. This isn’t one of the hot tourist destinations, either; this mountain’s home to a humble little ski resort, one that’s always been overshadowed by more popular tourist destinations, all of them a short drive away. Now, I need to stress here that I’m no skier — I did a single season on my high school cross-country skiing team that we will not be discussing — but I do know this resort’s historically drawn most of its customers from nearby towns: they’re not pulling in the wealthy out-of-staters. And to look at this new, massive, shiny hotel, that’s who you’d think they’re attracting.

How’d it get here? Well, we need to back up a decade or two to answer that. Because as it happens, some investor types decided to defraud the federal government.

They didn’t lead with that, of course. Through a visa program for affluent foreign investors, they had access to a tremendous amount of capital, which they then used to acquire local tourist spots and dramatically overdevelop them. As they did, they promised that all this investment would bring an influx of new businesses, which would mean more people moving to a state starved for both residents and revenue.

As you might have guessed, the money disappeared when these investors got arrested. One visible aftershock was the halted construction projects. In one town up north, there’s a crater the size of a literal city block, because all the new construction these investors promised — a slew of shops and offices, a new hotel — disappeared when they did. The investors are gone; the hole isn’t.

It also left some massive, sprawling properties in communities that never had enough foot traffic to properly support them. And here we are, back at this gigantic hotel. When we walk in, we see that the gift shop right off the lobby has been hastily boarded up. One wing of the hotel’s been blocked off to guests. At the check-in desk, the clerk has three registration forms lined up in front of her, one for each of the guests she knows will be checking in that evening. All because some rich, powerful men promised my chronically impoverished corner of the state that the things it had always and desperately needed — investment, jobs, and people — were, at long, long last, finally about to arrive.

“Artificial intelligence is here to stay. It’s not going anywhere.” I’ve heard some variation on that line many, many times since 2022; I heard it a few more times after defining “artificial intelligence” as a failed technology. Maybe you’ve heard it too.

Now, regardless of how you or I might feel about “AI,” I think we can both acknowledge just how impressively ahistorical that statement is. In the last two decades, I’ve seen so many things we knew were our future: Internet Explorer, Flash, Web 2.0, jQuery, mobile websites, NFTs¹, and more. We were told each and every single one of them was immutable, fixed, and unchanging; and each of them, in turn, faded. Some of them even disappeared altogether. I’ve been in this industry long enough to know that predicted futures have a pretty short lifespan.

And that’s the moment in which I’m writing: that vision of an “AI” future feels like it’s shaking. In fact, it might be close to shattering. There’s a growing body of reporting on the rampant speculation at the heart of the current boom, with some journalists gaming out what a market crash might look like. Investors are nervous; leaders of “AI” companies are even starting to sound warning bells, presumably to position themselves for government bailouts whenever the bubble finally bursts. In the face of all this instability, stating that “AI isn’t going anywhere” feels even more detached from reality: it’s divorced from how quickly trends shift in tech, and it’s ignoring the growing cracks in the industry’s foundation.

At the same time, I think that unwavering belief is what’s instructive about it.

I mean, look. I’ve been thinking about my future quite a bit. The last decade’s made my sense of the coming decades feel fractured. The last year has only accelerated that feeling. Friends are aging; family members have passed on; so many things I was taught to rely upon — jobs, industries, institutions, milestones, even seasons — feel like they’re being upended in front of me. When you’re told to expect a certain broad arc to your life, it’s more than a little terrifying when that map’s redrawn as you’re looking at it.

That’s why I’ve come to realize that statements about the future aren’t predictions: they’re more like spells. When someone describes something to you as the future, they’re sharing a heartfelt belief that this something will be part of whatever comes next. “Artificial intelligence isn’t going anywhere” quite literally involves casting a technology forward into time. How could that be anything else but a kind of magic?

Now. By calling them magical, I’m not attempting to diminish or disparage these kinds of statements. Far from it: when we make these statements, we’re opening up a kind of possibility space. “What if the future looked like this?” By making space to ask questions, we’re making the future feel less fixed, and far less daunting. It gives us an anchor point in what comes next, one we can move toward with intention. On an individual level, it can be a helpful goal-setting exercise; performed at scale, it can be transformative.

And not necessarily in a good way. Take the “AI” industry: backed by their belief in their (again, failed) technology and a ghastly amount of capital, they’ve embedded their technology in products, organizations, and governments alike. They’ve begun physical buildouts of vast data centers that take a tremendous toll on disenfranchised communities, and are demanding older, even more dangerous forms of energy to support their expansion. They’ve created new classes of invisible workers to power their operations, all while selling automation technology that makes work even more precarious for everyone else. This is all to say that they’ve moved very, very, very quickly to realize their vision for the future in the last three years. Hell, it’s hard to imagine a future without these platforms, and the powerful people who sell them.

But to paraphrase something Mandy Brown once said, there’s not going to be one future — there will be many. In fact, there’s another future being built right now.

Last fall, the workers at the New York Times Tech Guild walked off the job for a week and subsequently won their first union contract, one that improved pay, won them “just cause” protections, and more. For the last several months, workers at Microsoft have waged an effective and relentless pressure campaign against their employer, in order to force the tech giant to stop selling technology that facilitates the genocide in Gaza. Last week, the workers at Kickstarter United ended their record-breaking strike, having walked off the job for forty-two days to secure improved pay equity, a contractually guaranteed four-day work week, and job protections from “AI”. This week, the workers at Starbucks United, who began a strike just last week, established a blockade at one of the corporation’s distribution center — all to bring management back to the table after months of stalled negotiations.

These are just four examples from the last year; there are many, many more. We’re surrounded by a tremendous amount of organizing right now, with workers banding together to build protections at work, to win improved pay and benefits, to advocate for human rights, to build power together. That organizing’s happening at a scale I find tremendously inspiring, and at a pace — last year; this year; last week; this week — that’s steadily increasing. This is a new future, one being built by quiet conversations with coworkers, by petitions circulated at work, by bargaining sessions, by chants and songs and protests and strikes.

That’s not to say this future is any more assured than the other one; it needs significantly more people, including you and your coworkers. But that aside, I’m struck by the contrast between the two. One vision for the future mentions technology and technology alone, neatly eliding right over who might be impacted or harmed if that future should come to pass; the other future is centered around humans, their needs, and their hopes for something better.

Me, I’ve decided which future I want to live in. When I wrote my last book, I said the future of the tech industry is an organized, worker-led labor movement. That’s the quiet hope I’m casting into the months and years and decades that are stretching before me.

Maybe you agree with that future. If you do, well — let’s you and I start moving toward it.

Footnote

lol ↩︎

This has been “The line and the stream.” a post from Ethan’s journal.

Reply via email

Pluralistic: The long game (20 Nov 2025) - Pluralistic: Daily links from Cory Doctorow

2025-11-20T09:53:49.000Z

Today's links

The long game: Breaking up Big Tech is a long-run project.
Hey look at this: Delights to delectate.
Object permanence: ARRRRR!; Watching paint dry; CEOs are tall, lucky, men; Harpercollins demands authors' AI rights; Victorian bumwipe; Ted Koppel's stupid book; Alan Moore to unpublished authors; Anne Frank's US visa application was rejected; Google breakup.
Upcoming appearances: Where to find me.
Recent appearances: Where I've been.
Latest books: You keep readin' em, I'll keep writin' 'em.
Upcoming books: Like I said, I'll keep writin' 'em.
Colophon: All the rest.

The long game (permalink)

Well, this fucking sucks. A federal judge has decided that Meta is not a monopolist, and that its acquisitions of Instagram and Whatsapp were not an illegal bid to secure and maintain a monopoly:

https://gizmodo.com/meta-learns-that-nothing-is-a-monopoly-if-you-just-wait-long-enough-2000687691

This is particularly galling because Mark Zuckerberg repeatedly, explicitly declared that these mergers were undertaken to reduce competition, which is the only circumstance in which pro-monopoly economists and lawyers say that mergers should be blocked.

Let me take a step back here. During the Reagan years, a new economic orthodoxy took hold, a weird combination of economic theory and conspiracy theory that held that:

a) It was bad economic policy to try and prevent monopolization, since monopolies are "efficient" and arise because companies are so totally amazing that we all voluntarily buy their products and pay for their services and;

b) The anti-monopoly laws on the books are actually pro-monopoly laws, and if you look at them just right, you'll find that what Congress really intended was for monopolies to be nurtured and protected:

https://pluralistic.net/2022/02/20/we-should-not-endure-a-king/

The one exception these monsters of history were willing to make to their pro-monopoly posture was this: if a corporation undertakes a merger because they are seeking a monopoly, then the government should step in and stop them. This is a great standard to come up with if what you really want to do is nothing, because how can you know why a company truly wants to buy another company? Who can ever claim to know what is in another person's heart?

This is a great wheeze if you want to allow as many monopolies as possible, unless the guy who's trying to get that monopoly is Mark Zuckerberg, because Zuck is a man who has never had a criminal intention he did not immediately put to writing and email to someone else.

This is the guy who put in writing the immortal words, "It is better to buy than to compete," and "what we’re really buying is time," and who described his plans to clone a competitor's features as intended to get there "before anyone can get close to their scale again":

https://www.theverge.com/2020/7/29/21345723/facebook-instagram-documents-emails-mark-zuckerberg-kevin-systrom-hearing

Basically, Zuck is the guy who works until 2:30 every night, and then, before turning in, sends some key executive a fully discoverable, immortally backed-up digital message that reads, "Hey Bob, you know that guy we were thinking about killing? Well, I've decided we should do it. And for avoidance of doubt, it's 100% a murder, and right now, at this moment, I am premeditating it."

And despite this wealth of evidence as to Zuckerberg's intention at the time, US regulators at the FTC and EU regulators at the Commission both waved through those mergers, as well as many other before and since. Because it turns out that in the pro-monopoly world, there are no bright lines, no mergers so nakedly corrupt that they should be prevented. All that stuff about using state power to prevent deliberate monopolization was always and forever just bullshit. In the pro-monopoly camp, all monopolies are warmly welcome.

It wasn't always this way. In the trustbusting era, enforcers joined with organized labor and activists for all kinds of human rights, from universal sufferage to ending Jim Crow, to smash corporate power. Foundational to this fight was the understanding that concentrated corporate power presented a serious danger: first, because of the way that it could corrupt our political process, and second, because of the difficulty of dislodging corporate power once it had been established.

In other words, trustbusters sought to prevent monopolies, not merely to break up monopolies once they were formed. They understood that a company that was too big to fail would also be too big to jail, and that impunity rotted societies from within.

Then came the project to dismantle antitrust and revive the monopolies. Corporatists from the University of Chicago School of Economics and their ultra-wealthy backers launched a multipronged attack on economics, law, and precedent. It was a successful bid to bring back oligarchy and establish a new class of modern aristocracy, whose dynastic fortunes would ensure their rule and the rule of their descendants for generations to come.

A key part of this was an attack on the judiciary. Like other professionals, federal judges are expected to undergo regular "ongoing education" to ensure they're current on the best practices in their field. Wealthy pro-monopolists bankrolled a series of junkets for judges called the "Manne Seminars," all-expenses-paid family trips to luxury resorts, where judges could be indoctrinated with the theory of "efficient monopolies":

https://pluralistic.net/2021/08/13/post-bork-era/#manne-down

40% of all federal judges attended a Manne Seminar, and empirical studies show that after graduating, these judges changed the way they ruled, to favor monopolies:

https://academic.oup.com/qje/advance-article/doi/10.1093/qje/qjaf042/8241352?login=false

The terrible beauty of this strategy is that you don't need to get all the judges into a Manne Seminar – you just need to get enough judges to attend that they will create a wall of precedent that every other judge will feel hemmed in by when they rule on antitrust cases. Those judgments further shore-up the pro-monopoly precedent, setting the stage for the next pro-monopoly judgment, and the next, and the next.

So here we are, a couple generations into the project to brainwash judges, monopolize the economy and establish a new aristocracy, and a judge just ruled that Meta isn't an illegal monopoly, even though Mark Zuckerberg literally put his explicit criminal intent in writing.

What are we to do? Should we despair? Does this mean it's all over?

Not hardly. Reversing 40+ years of pro-monopoly policy was always going to be a slog, with many setbacks on the way. That's why antitrust has historically sought to prevent monopolies. Once monopolies have conquered your economy, getting rid of them is far harder, or, as the joke from eastern Canada goes, "If you wanted to get there, I wouldn't start from here."

But you have to play the ball where it lies. The fact that Meta can deliberately set out to create a monopoly and still evade judgment is more reason to fight monopolies, not less – it's (more) evidence of how just corrupted and illegitimate our judicial system has become.

We've been here before. The first antitrust laws were passed to do the hard work of smashing existing monopolies, not the relatively easy task of preventing monopolization. Of course: before there is a law, there has to be a crime. Antitrust law was passed because of a monopoly problem, not as a pro-active measure to prevent the problem from arising.

Our forbears smashed monopolies that were, if anything, far more ferocious than Big Tech. They vanquished oligarchs whose perfidy and ruthlessness put today's ketamine-addled zuckermuskian mediocrities in the shade. How they did it is not a mystery: they just put in the hard yards of building coalitions and winning public sentiment.

They did it before and we can do it again. We know how it's done. We remember their names and what they did. Take Ida Tarbell, the slayer of John D Rockefeller and Standard Oil. Tarbell was a brilliant, fierce writer and orator, fearless and brilliant. She was the first woman in America to get a science degree, and a key driver of the movement for universal suffrage. But in addition to all that, she was an anti-monopolist.

Tarbell's father was a Pennsylvania oil man who'd been ruined by Rockefeller and Standard Oil. Determined to see him avenged, Tarbell researched the many tendrils of Rockefeller's empire and his devious tactics, and laid them bare in a pair of wildly successful serialized books, The History of the Standard Oil Company, Volumes I & II (published first in the popular national magazine Collier's):

https://pluralistic.net/2021/06/13/a-monopoly-isnt-the-same-as-legitimate-greatness/

Tarbell's History changed the way the country saw Rockefeller. She punctured his myth of brilliance and competence, and showed how he owed his fortune to swindling and cheating. She cut him down to size. She was a key figure in the American trustbusting movement, a catalyst for the revolution that saw Rockefeller and his fellow oligarchs overthrown.

This took a hell of a long time. The Sherman Act (which was used to break up Standard Oil) was passed in 1890, but Standard Oil wasn't broken up until 1912. It took perseverance through setback after setback, it took the compounding tragedies that drove people to question the order and demand change, and it took unglamorous organizing and dramatic street-fights to escape from oligarchy's powerful gravity well.

Today, we are back at square one, but we have advantages that Tarbell and the other trustbusters lacked. For one thing, we have them, the lessons of their fight and the inspiration of their victory. For another, we have the political wind at our back. All over the world, from China to Canada, from the EU to the USA, politicians have felt emboldened (or forced) to launch anti-monopoly efforts the likes of which have not been seen since the Carter administration:

https://pluralistic.net/2025/08/09/elite-disunity/#awoken-giants

What's more, these enforcers aren't alone – they can and do collaborate. Because these tech companies run the same swindles in every country in the world, enforcers can collaborate on building cases against them. After all the facts of Big Tech's crimes are virtually identical, whether you're in the UK, Singapore, South Korea, Canada or Germany:

https://pluralistic.net/2025/01/22/autocrats-of-trade/#dingo-babysitter

This is an advantage that the trustbusters who took down Rockefeller could only dream of. Like Big Tech, Rockefeller had a global empire, but unlike Big Tech, Rockefeller abused each of the nations of the world in distinct ways. In America, Rockefeller ran the refineries and pipelines; in Germany, he had a stranglehold on the ports.

Even if the Rockefeller-era trustbusters wanted to collaborate, sending memos back and forth across the Atlantic by zeppelin, all they could offer each other was warm wishes. US pipeline investigations had nothing to add to German port investigations.

Today's tech monopolists may be bigger than any one government, but they're not bigger than all the governments whose people they're abusing.

The trustbusters who brought down Rockefeller did something knowable and repeatable. Their work did not arise out of the lost arts of a fallen civilization. The work of taking down today's monopolists requires only that we recover our ancestors' moral fire and perseverance. No one needs to figure out how to build a pyramid without power tools or embalm a Pharaoh.

We merely have to build and sustain a global movement to destroy oligarchy.

(Merely!)

Yes, that's a hell of a big lift. But we're not alone. There are billions of people who suffer under oligarchy and an infinite variety of ways to erode its power, as a prelude to smashing that power. Our allies in antitrust include the voters who put Zohran Mamdani into office, going from less than 1% in the polls to a commanding majority in a three-way race, running on an anti-oligarch platform:

https://pluralistic.net/2025/06/28/mamdani/#trustbusting

(No coincidence that one of our most effective fighters is now co-leading Mamdani's transition team):

https://pluralistic.net/2025/11/15/unconscionability/#standalone-authority

Trustbusting alone will not end oligarchy and trustbusters alone cannot break up the monopolies. As with the original trustbusters, the modern trustbusting movement is but a part of a coalition that wants a world organized around the needs of the many, not the few.

Hey look at this (permalink)

Your Smartphone, Their Rules: How App Stores Enable Corporate-Government Censorship https://www.aclu.org/news/free-speech/app-store-oligopoly
The Age of Extraction https://the-antimonopolist.ghost.io/the-age-of-extraction/
HOPE Hacking Conference Banned From University Venue Over Apparent ‘Anti-Police Agenda’ https://www.404media.co/hope-hacking-conference-banned-from-university-venue-over-apparent-anti-police-agenda/
HOPE CONFERENCE BANNED BY ST. JOHN'S UNIVERSITY https://www.2600.com/content/hope-conference-banned-st-johns-university
unshittified.club https://unshittified.club/

Object permanence (permalink)

#20yrsago Brit backpackers take Indian call-centre jobs https://web.archive.org/web/20051210103452/http://wiredblogs.tripod.com/sterling/index.blog?entry_id=1284171

#20yrsago Laser etching doesn’t necessarily void your warranty https://web.archive.org/web/20051126194823/http://www.makezine.com/blog/archive/2005/11/will_laser_etching_apple_gear.html

#20yrsago UCLA to MPAA shill: ARRRRRRR! https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2005-nov-18-fi-glickman18-story.html

#20yrsago RIAA prez: Lots of companies secretly install rootkits! It’s no biggie! https://web.archive.org/web/20051125041201/http://www.malbela.com/blog/archives/000375.html

#20yrsago Sony offers MP3s in replacement for rootkit CDs https://web.archive.org/web/20051124233458/https://www.upsrow.com/sonybmg/

#15yrsago TSA forces cancer survivor to remove prosthetic breast https://web.archive.org/web/20101120213044/http://www.wbtv.com/Global/story.asp?S=13534628

#15yrsago How the Victorians wiped their bums https://web.archive.org/web/20101123191021/http://wellcomelibrary.blogspot.com/2010/11/item-of-month-november-2010-victorian.html

#15yrsago Understanding the “microcredit crisis” in Andhra Pradesh https://web.archive.org/web/20101119012652/https://blogs.reuters.com/felix-salmon/2010/11/18/the-lessons-of-andhra-pradesh/

#15yrsago Canadian Heritage Minister inadvertently damns his own copyright bill https://web.archive.org/web/20101121054805/https://www.michaelgeist.ca/content/view/5456/125/

#15yrsago TSA confiscates heavily-armed soldiers’ nail-clippers https://redstate.com/erick/2010/11/18/another-tsa-outrage-n37064

#15yrsago Chris McKitterick pirates his own book https://mckitterick.livejournal.com/653743.html

#15yrsago Chinese woman kidnapped to labor camp on her wedding day over sarcastic re-Tweet https://web.archive.org/web/20120609051421/http://voices.washingtonpost.com/blog-post/2010/11/chinese_twitter_sentence_a_yea.html

#15yrsago RuneScape devs refuse to cave in to patent trolls https://web.archive.org/web/20101119012943/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/31597/UKBased_RuneScape_Dev_Jagex_Wins_Patent_Infringement_Lawsuit.php

#10yrsago Manhattan DA calls for backdoors in all mobile operating systems https://web.archive.org/web/20151120003032/https://manhattanda.org/sites/default/files/11.18.15

#10yrsago Watching paint dry: epic crowfunded troll of the UK film censorship board https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/charlielyne/make-the-censors-watch-paint-drying?ref=video

#10yrsago CEOs are lucky, tall men https://hbr.org/2015/11/are-successful-ceos-just-lucky

#10yrsago America’s CEOs and hedge funds are starving the nation’s corporations to death https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/usa-buybacks-cannibalized/

#10yrsago EU official: all identified Paris attackers were from the EU https://web.archive.org/web/20151116223023/https://thinkprogress.org/world/2015/11/16/3722838/all-paris-attackers-identified-so-far-are-european-nationals-according-to-top-eu-official/

#10yrsago The Web is pretty great with Javascript turned off https://www.wired.com/2015/11/i-turned-off-javascript-for-a-whole-week-and-it-was-glorious/

#10yrsago If the Paris attackers weren’t using cryptography, the next ones will, and so should you https://insidesources.com/new-york-times-article-blaming-encryption-paris-attacks/

#10yrsago Zero: the number of security experts Ted Koppel consulted for hysterical cyberwar book https://www.techdirt.com/2015/11/19/ted-koppel-writes-entire-book-about-how-hackers-will-take-down-our-electric-grid-never-spoke-to-any-experts/

#10yrsago How a paid FBI informant created a terror plot that sent an activist to jail for 9 years https://theintercept.com/2015/11/19/an-fbi-informant-seduced-eric-mcdavid-into-a-bomb-plot-then-the-government-lied-about-it/

#10yrsago Google steps up to defend fair use, will fund Youtubers’ legal defenses https://publicpolicy.googleblog.com/2015/11/a-step-toward-protecting-fair-use-on.html?m=1

#10yrsago Alan Moore’s advice to unpublished authors https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CuaWu2uhmRQ

#10yrsago Private funding of public services is bankrupting the UK https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/nhs/11748960/The-PFI-hospitals-costing-NHS-2bn-every-year.html

#10yrsago The US government turned down Anne Frank’s visa application https://www.reuters.com/article/2007/02/14/us-annefrank-letters-idUSN1430569220070214/#HmyajvjLmsX2tVYf.97

#10yrsago Seriously, try “view source” on google.com https://xkcd.com/1605/#10yrsago

#5yrsago Tyson execs bet on covid spread in unsafe plant https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/19/disneymustpay/#you-bet-your-life

#5yrsago Disney stiffs writer https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/19/disneymustpay/#disneymustpay

#5yrsago Cyberpunk and Post-Cyberpunk https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/19/disneymustpay/#asl

#5yrsago Canada's GDPR https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/18/always-get-their-rationalisation/#consent

#5yrsago Telehealth chickenizes docs https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/18/always-get-their-rationalisation/#telehealth

#5yrsago The Mounties lied about social surveillance https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/18/always-get-their-rationalisation/#rcmp

#5yrsago Race, surveillance and tech https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/18/always-get-their-rationalisation/#asl

#1yrago Harpercollins wants authors to sign away AI training rights https://pluralistic.net/2024/11/18/rights-without-power/#careful-what-you-wish-for

#1yrago Forcing Google to spin off Chrome (and Android?) https://pluralistic.net/2024/11/19/breaking-up-is-hard-to-do/#shiny-and-chrome

Upcoming appearances (permalink)

Virtual: Enshittification at the Internet Archive, Nov 21
https://www.eventbrite.com/e/book-talk-enshittification-tickets-1839608451399
Virtual: Enshittification with Vass Bednar (Vancouver Public Library), Nov 21
https://www.crowdcast.io/@bclibraries-present
Toronto: Jailbreaking Canada (OCAD U), Nov 27
https://www.ocadu.ca/events-and-exhibitions/jailbreaking-canada
San Diego: Enshittification at the Mission Hills Branch Library, Dec 1
https://libraryfoundationsd.org/events/doctorow
Seattle: Neuroscience, AI and Society (University of Washington), Dec 4
https://www.eventbrite.com/e/neuroscience-ai-and-society-cory-doctorow-tickets-1735371255139
Madison, CT: Enshittification at RJ Julia, Dec 8
https://rjjulia.com/event/2025-12-08/cory-doctorow-enshittification
Hamburg: Chaos Communications Congress, Dec 27-30
https://events.ccc.de/congress/2025/infos/index.html

Recent appearances (permalink)

It’s not your job to fix the internet (Vergecast)
https://www.theverge.com/podcast/822822/enshittification-cory-doctorow-interview-vergecast
Enshittification with danah boyd and Lee Vinsel (Peoples & Things)
https://newbooksnetwork.com/cory-doctorow-on-enshittification-why-everything-suddenly-got-worse-and-what-to-do-about-it
Enshittification and Extraction: The Internet Sucks Now, with Tim Wu (Oxford Internet Institute)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CkYxMQJ9c94
Working it out: Job security in the AI era (Web Summit)
https://websummit.com/summaries/lis25/working-it-out-job-security-in-the-ai-era/
How to dis-Enshittify the world (Blood In the Machine)
https://www.bloodinthemachine.com/p/how-to-dis-enshittify-the-world-with

Latest books (permalink)

"Canny Valley": A limited edition collection of the collages I create for Pluralistic, self-published, September 2025
"Enshittification: Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, October 7 2025
https://us.macmillan.com/books/9780374619329/enshittification/
"Picks and Shovels": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about the heroic era of the PC, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2025 (https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250865908/picksandshovels).
"The Bezzle": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about prison-tech and other grifts, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2024 (the-bezzle.org).
"The Lost Cause:" a solarpunk novel of hope in the climate emergency, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), November 2023 (http://lost-cause.org).
"The Internet Con": A nonfiction book about interoperability and Big Tech (Verso) September 2023 (http://seizethemeansofcomputation.org). Signed copies at Book Soup (https://www.booksoup.com/book/9781804291245).
"Red Team Blues": "A grabby, compulsive thriller that will leave you knowing more about how the world works than you did before." Tor Books http://redteamblues.com.
"Chokepoint Capitalism: How to Beat Big Tech, Tame Big Content, and Get Artists Paid, with Rebecca Giblin", on how to unrig the markets for creative labor, Beacon Press/Scribe 2022 https://chokepointcapitalism.com

Upcoming books (permalink)

"Unauthorized Bread": a middle-grades graphic novel adapted from my novella about refugees, toasters and DRM, FirstSecond, 2026
"Enshittification, Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It" (the graphic novel), Firstsecond, 2026
"The Memex Method," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 2026
"The Reverse-Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book about being a better AI critic, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2026

Colophon (permalink)

Today's top sources:

Currently writing:

"The Reverse Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book for Farrar, Straus and Giroux about being an effective AI critic. FIRST DRAFT COMPLETE AND SUBMITTED.
A Little Brother short story about DIY insulin PLANNING

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Quotations and images are not included in this license; they are included either under a limitation or exception to copyright, or on the basis of a separate license. Please exercise caution.

How to get Pluralistic:

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"When life gives you SARS, you make sarsaparilla" -Joey "Accordion Guy" DeVilla

ISSN: 3066-764X

The Peaceful Transfer of Power in Open Source Projects - Terence Eden’s Blog

2025-11-19T12:34:27.000Z

Most of the people who run Open Source projects are mortal. Recent history shows us that they will all eventually die, or get bored, or win the lottery, or get sick, or be conscripted, or lose their mind.

If you've ever visited a foreign country's national history museum, I guarantee you've read this little snippet:

King Whatshisface was a wise and noble ruler who bought peace and prosperity to all the land.

Upon his death, his heirs waged bloody war over rightful succession which plunged the country into a hundred years of hardship.

The great selling point of democracy is that it allows for the peaceful transition of power. Most modern democracies have rendered civil war almost unthinkable. Sure, you might not like the guy currently in charge, but there are well established mechanisms to limit their power and kick them out if they misbehave. If they die in office, there's an obvious and understood hierarchy for who follows them.

Most Open Source projects start small - just someone in their spare room tinkering for fun. Unexpectedly, they grow into a behemoth which now powers half the world. These mini-empires are fragile. The most popular method of governance is the Benevolent Dictator For Life model. The founder of the project controls everything. But, as I've said before, BDFL only works if the D is genuinely B. Otherwise the FL becomes FML.

The last year has seen several BDFLs act like Mad Kings. They become tyrannical despots, lashing out at their own volunteers. They execute takeovers of community projects. They demand fealty and tithes. Like dragons, they become quick to anger when their brittle egos are tested. Spineless courtiers carry out deluded orders while pilfering the coffers.

Which is why I am delighted that the Mastodon project has shown a better way to behave.

In "The Future is Ours to Build - Together" they describe perfectly how to gracefully and peacefully transfer power. There are no VCs bringing in their MBA-brained lackeys to extract maximum value while leaving a rotting husk. No one is seizing community assets and jealously hoarding them. Opaque financial structures and convoluted agreements are prominent in their absence.

Eugen Rochko, the outgoing CEO, has a remarkably honest blog post about the transition. I wouldn't wish success on my worst enemy. He talks plainly about the reality of dealing with the pressure and how he might have been a limiting factor on Mastodon's growth. That's a far step removed from the ego-centric members of The Cult of The Founder with their passionate belief in the Divine Right of Kings.

Does your tiny OSS script need a succession plan? Probably not. Do you have several thousand NPM installs per day? It might be worth working out who you can share responsibility with if you are unexpectedly raptured. Do you think that your project is going to last for a thousand years? Build an organisation which won't crumble the moment its founder is arrested for their predatory behaviour on tropical islands.

I'm begging project leaders everywhere - please read up on the social contract and the consent of the governed. Or, if reading is too woke, just behave like grown-ups rather than squabbling tweenagers.

It is a sad inevitability that, eventually, we will all be nothing but memories. The bugs that we create live after us, the patches are oft interrèd with our code. Let it be so with all Open Source projects.

We Will Rise Again - The Hypothesis

2025-11-18T14:00:00.000Z

Check out these amazing contributors to the anthology!

Before I tell you a wild story about a man I cannot forget, I have book news! We Will Rise Again: Speculative Stories and Essays on Protest, Resistance, and Hope, the anthology I co-edited with Karen Lord and Malka Older, will be out on December 2! Come to Booksmith in San Francisco that night to celebrate with five amazing authors and activists who are in the book. You can also read one of the stories on Electric Lit, and pre-order it from your local indie bookstore today!

In other bookish news, I have been surprised and delighted by the response to Automatic Noodle – it debuted on the USA Today and Indie bestseller lists, and has already gone into a fifth (!!) printing. You can order autographed and personalized copies of all my books from Noe Valley Books and Green Apple. Bonus: You can buy Automatic Noodle swag (designed by Lucy Bellwood) from a website (designed by Mike Monteiro) that is a facsimile of the old-fashioned HTML website the robots create in the book.

Remember: books are great holiday gifts!

A Man I Will Never Forget

Thanksgiving season always makes me think of fascism, but that’s especially true this year. One of the many things I’ve been doing to cope with my political dysphoria is to revisit classic works of anti-fascism from the mid-twentieth century. When Trump was elected in 2016, I did a deep dive on the largely forgotten sociological study The Authoritarian Personality. It’s wild how much that book has influenced our understanding of why people become fascists. But you know what they say: things can always get wilder.

Recently, I’ve been re-reading Wilhelm Reich’s 1933 bestselling book The Mass Psychology of Fascism, written shortly before the infamous psychologist fled Nazi Germany. A keen observer of politics, Reich watched as many of his patients were radicalized by fascist propaganda. He writes about being dumbfounded when liberal women who voted for abortion rights in Germany also voted for Hitler. And he watched in dismay as his leftist friends tried to fight fascism’s “irrational” and “mechanistic-mystical conception of life” with complicated policy recommendations and warmed-over socialist slogans from the 19^th century. Why couldn’t smart, rational people combat the liars and hypocrites who ran the Nazi party?

In The Mass Psychology of Fascism, Reich argued that this was the wrong question. Fascism wasn’t a German political problem to be solved with a new progressive platform; instead, it was a problem fundamental to all human psychology. Industrial civilization allowed it to erupt into a mass movement, but fascism was rooted in the contradictions of the modern psyche. Subjected to strict and sometimes violent patriarchy in the home, and shamed into “moral” behavior by religion, people had become anxious bundles of barely-repressed rage and lust. Members of the “civilized” public might say they wanted liberal democracy, but deep inside they wanted to kill, rape, and rule by force. And it was this contradiction that fascism exploited, by offering up Jews and other minorities as targets for their repressed feelings.

As he pondered this idea, Reich became convinced that the nitro fuel in Nazism’s engine was actually sexual repression. This could explain why Hitler and his cronies were obsessed with destroying the nascent LGBT rights movement in Germany, suppressing all mention of sex in schools, and forcing women to become nothing more than “child-bearers.” If the state could suppress all forms of sexual expression other than reproduction in a monogamous marriage, then it could build an army of people whose unconscious minds were basically houses made of dynamite. Or so Reich’s logic went. Even the “race theory” at the heart of Nazism fit into Reich’s model, because Hitler worried about Jews diluting the pure blood of Aryans – through sexual relations, of course.

And Reich wasn’t completely wrong. I’ve been struck by how many of his observations about sexual repression map neatly onto today’s MAGA movement. Speaker of the House Mike Johnson is proud to reveal that he has an anti-masturbation app on his phone; libraries and schools are banning books about LGBT characters; and Trump loves to demonize immigrants by calling them rapists. Reich would have no trouble recognizing the fascistic implications incel culture and the manosphere’s obsession with purity.

Reich would also, unfortunately, find common cause with Robert F. Kennedy Jr. and Dr. Oz. In the late 1930s, he claimed to have discovered the key to fighting fascism. It was the orgone, a unit of erotic life energy that most people had lost. But luckily, if you paid Dr. Reich for one of his “orgone accumulators,” you could be cured. Orgone accumulators were wooden boxes lined with a thin layer of metal, and looked kind of like a fancy cabinet with enough room for the patient to sit on a chair inside.

An orgone accumulator

After settling in the United States in the 1940s, he also grew more focused on something he had long advocated: liberating the sexuality of children. Previously, in Europe, he had organized a “Sex-Pol” group that taught “sexual revolution,” an amalgamation of Marxist and Freudian ideas that he believed would result in freedom for people of all ages. His work alienated both Marxists and Freudians. He was kicked out of several psychoanalytic organizations when he began advocating that analysts give their patients deep, painful massages – sometimes while naked.

Reich bought some land in rural Maine which he dubbed Orgonon. There, he taught classes on how to have orgasms that produced orgone energy, and promoted the idea that cancer could be cured by exposure to orgones. He also helped set up a school for youth, where many students say they were physically and sexually abused. According to Reich’s biographer Christopher Turner, Reich knew about the sexual abuse and continued to support the teachers involved. Though Reich himself was never accused of rape, his daughter told Turner that she refused to be alone with her father because “he was really a sex abuser.” After years of negative publicity about Orgonon, the FDA investigated his work and sued him for fraud. But Reich refused to stop selling his orgone accumulators, despite a court order. He was arrested in 1956, and died in prison the following year.

I often think about Reich’s grifter-abuser turn. He wanted to liberate people from fascism, to show them a world beyond the “mechano-mystical” bullshit of authoritarian propaganda. And instead, he wound up replicating it.

Despite his descent into dangerous pseudoscience, Reich is remembered with far more romantic intensity than most of his contemporary critics of fascism. Patti Smith’s song “Birdland” is about Reich, as is avant garde filmmaker Dušan Makavejev’s celebrated film WR: The Mysteries of the Organism. Woody Allen invoked him with the “orgasmatron” in his early comedy Sleeper. Even today, there are echoes of his particular brand of sexual pseudoscience in many new age practices, and his work on fascism is taught in graduate courses on critical theory (which is how I was first exposed to his work).

Reich isn’t taken seriously as a scientist, but he has become a cultural icon. Maybe Reich’s story haunts us because, in the end, he perfectly exhibited all the symptoms of the social disease he claimed to cure. He was not a doctor. He was a patient, whose foundational trauma was fascism itself. And like so many victims of abuse, he passed it on to the next generation by creating a new kind of mysticism that justified sexual cruelty to children and people with mental illness.

Authoritarianism is a powerful form of intergenerational trauma. We forget Wilhelm Reich at our peril, because he stands as a warning of who we might become.

Wilhelm Reich in his lab, studying orgones.

Other things I’ve written lately

I am really excited to be writing regularly for Flaming Hydra, and I have two new pieces up. One is on the history of review bombing, and how it became a form of psychological warfare. The other is a critical analysis the original Wicker Man movie, in dialogue with the incredible author Tal Lavin. Tal wrote about the film’s aesthetics, and I tackled its politics.

My latest columns for New Scientist are about why digital ID cards proposed by the UK government are a very, very bad idea, and how the future of higher education is already being built, outside traditional universities.

Also, I’m psyched about the latest episodes of Our Opinions Are Correct, about the future of science fiction conventions and Frankenstein’s legacy. Our next episode will be our last. Charlie Jane Anders and I have been co-hosting this pod for seven years, and we need to take a break in order to dream up a new project together. We promise to keep you in the loop! I’ll write more about the podcast in my next newsletter.

Pluralistic: Disney lost Roger Rabbit (18 Nov 2025) - Pluralistic: Daily links from Cory Doctorow

2025-11-18T13:54:06.000Z

Today's links

Disney has lost Roger Rabbit: Termination of Transfer is the most pro-artist form of copyright.
Hey look at this: Delights to delectate.
Object permanence: Why didn't AV apps block Sony's rootkit? Surveillance doesn't stop terror attacks; The last Pratchett; The true cost of terrorism.
Upcoming appearances: Where to find me.
Recent appearances: Where I've been.
Latest books: You keep readin' em, I'll keep writin' 'em.
Upcoming books: Like I said, I'll keep writin' 'em.
Colophon: All the rest.

Disney has lost Roger Rabbit (permalink)

Gary K Wolf is the author of a fantastic 1981 novel called Who Censored Roger Rabbit? which Disney licensed and turned into an equally fantastic 1988 live action/animated hybrid movie called Who Framed Roger Rabbit? But despite the commercial and critical acclaim of the movie, Disney hasn't made any feature-length sequels.

This is a nightmare scenario for a creator: you make a piece of work that turns out to be incredibly popular, but you've licensed it to a kind of absentee landlord who owns the rights but refuses to exercise them. Luckily, the copyright system contains a provision designed to rescue creative workers who fall into this trap: "Termination of Transfer."

"Termination of Transfer" was introduced via the 1976 Copyright Act. It allows creators to unilaterally cancel the copyright licenses they have signed over to others, by waiting 35 years and then filing some paperwork with the US Copyright Office.

Termination is a powerful copyright policy, and unlike most copyright, it solely benefits creative workers and not our bosses. Copyright is a very weak tool for protecting creators' interests, because copyright only gives us something to bargain with, without giving us any bargaining power, which means that copyright becomes something we bargain away.

Think of it this way: for the past 50 years, copyright has only expanded in every direction. Copyright now lasts longer, covers more kinds of works, prohibits more uses without permission, and carries stiffer penalties. The media industry is now larger and more profitable than at any time in history. But at the same time, the amount of money being earned by creative workers has only fallen over this period, both in real terms (how much money an average creative worker brings home) and as a share of the total (what percentage of the revenues from a creator's work the creator gets to keep). How to explain this seeming paradox?

The answer lies in the structure of creative labor markets, which are brutally concentrated. Creative workers bargain with one of five publishers, one of four studios, one of three music labels, one of two app marketplaces, or just one company that controls all the ebooks and audiobooks.

The media industry isn't just a monopoly, in other words – it's also a monopsony, which is to say, a collection of powerful buyers. The middlemen who control access to our audiences have all the power, so when Congress gives creators new copyrights to bargain with, the Big Five (or Four, or Three, or Two, or One) just amend their standard, non-negotiable contract to require creators to sign those new rights over as a condition of doing business.

In other words, giving creative workers more rights without addressing their market power is like giving your bullied kid more lunch money. There isn't an amount of lunch money you can give that kid that will buy them lunch – you're just enriching the bullies. Do this for long enough and you'll make the bullies so rich they can buy off the school principal. Keep it up even longer and the bullies will hire an ad agency to run a global campaign bemoaning the plight of the hungry schoolkids and demanding that they be given more lunch money:

https://pluralistic.net/2022/08/21/what-is-chokepoint-capitalism/

This is an argument that Rebecca Giblin and I develop in our 2022 book Chokepoint Capitalism: How Big Tech and Big Content Captured Creative Labor Markets and How We'll Win Them Back:

https://www.beacon.org/Chokepoint-Capitalism-P1856.aspx

Rebecca is a law professor who is, among other things, one of the world's leading experts on Termination of Transfer, who co-authored the definitive study on the use of Termination since the 1976 Copyright Act, and the many ways this has benefited creators at the expense of media companies:

https://pluralistic.net/2021/09/26/take-it-back/

Remember, Termination is one of the only copyright policies that solely benefits creative workers. Under Termination, a media company can force you to sign away your rights in perpetuity, but you can still claim those rights back after 35 years. Termination isn't just something to bargain away, it's a new power to bargain with.

The history of how Termination got into the 1976 Copyright Act is pretty gnarly. The original text of the Termination clause made Termination automatic, after 25 years. That would have meant that every quarter century, every media company would have to go hat in hand to every creative worker whose work was still selling and beg them to sign a new contract. If your original contract stank (say, because you were just starting your career), you could demand back-payment to make up for the shitty deal you'd been forced into, and if your publisher/label/studio wouldn't cough up, you could take your work somewhere else and bargain from a position of strength, because you'd be selling a sure thing – a work that was still commercially viable after 25 years!

Automatic termination would also solve the absentee landlord problem, where a media company was squatting on your rights, keeping your book or album in print (or these days, online), but doing nothing to promote them and refusing to return the rights to you so you could sell them to some who saw the potential in your old works.

Naturally, the media industry hated this, so they watered down Termination. Instead of applying after 25 years, it now applies after 35 years. Instead of being automatic, it now requires requires creators to go through red tape at the Copyright Office.

But that wasn't enough for the media companies. In 1999, an obscure Congressional staffer named Mitch Glazier slipped a rider into the Satellite Home Viewer Improvement Act that ended Termination of Transfer for musicians. Musicians really need Termination, since record deals were and are so unconscionable and one-sided. The bill passed without anyone noticing:

https://www.wired.com/2000/08/rule-reversal-blame-it-on-riaa/

Musicians got really pissed about this, and so did Congress, who'd been hoodwinked by this despicable pismire. Congress actually convened a special session just to delete Glazier's amendment, and Glazier left his government job under a cloud.

But Glazier wasn't unemployed for long. Within three months, he'd been installed as the CEO of the Recording Industry Association of America, a job he has held ever since, where he makes over $1.3 million/year:

https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/131669037

I recently got a press release signed by Glazier, supporting Disney and Universal's copyright suit against Midjourney, in which begins, "There is a clear path forward through partnerships":

https://www.riaa.com/riaa-statement-on-midjourney-ai-litigation/

In other words, Glazier doesn't want these lawsuits to get rid of Midjourney and protect creative workers from the threat of AI – he just wants the AI companies to pay the media companies to make the products that his clients will use to destroy creators' livelihoods. He wants there to be a new copyright that allows creators to decide whether their work can be used to train AI models, and then he wants that right transferred to media companies who will sell to to AI companies in a bid to stop paying artists:

https://pluralistic.net/2024/10/19/gander-sauce/#just-because-youre-on-their-side-it-doesnt-mean-theyre-on-your-side

US Copyright has always acknowledged the tension between creators' rights and the rights of publishers, studios, labels and other media companies that buy creators' works. The original US copyright lasted for 14 years, and could be renewed for another 14 years, but only by the creator (not by the publisher). This meant that if a work was still selling after 14 years, the publisher would have to convince the writer to renew the copyright, or the work would go into the public domain.

This was in an era in which writers were typically paid a flat fee for their work, so from a writer's perspective, it didn't matter if the publisher made any money from subsequent sales of their books, or whether the book entered the public domain so that anyone could sell it. The writer made the same amount either way: zero.

Copyright's original 14 year renewal was a way for creative labor markets to look back and address historic injustices. If your publisher underpaid you 14 years ago, you could demand that they make good on their moral obligation to you, and if they refused, you could punish them by putting the work into the public domain.

Termination has been a huge boon to artists of all description from Stephen King to Ann M Martin, creator of The Babysitters' Club. One of my favorite examples is funk legend George Clinton, whose shitweasel manager forged his signature on a contract and stole his royalties for decades (the reason Clinton is still touring isn't merely that he's an unstoppable funk god, but because he's broke). Clinton eventually gave up on suing his ex-manager and instead just filed for Termination of Transfer:

https://www.billboard.com/pro/george-clinton-lawsuit-ex-agent-music-rights/

If that sounds familiar, it may be because I used it as the basis for a subplot in my novel The Bezzle:

https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250865878/thebezzle/

Back to Roger Rabbit. Author Gary K Wolf has successfully filed for Termination of Transfer, meaning he's recovered the rights to Roger Rabbit and the other characters from his novel:

https://www.imnotbad.com/2025/11/roger-rabbit-copyright-reverts-to.html

He discusses his plans for a sequel starring Jessica Rabbit in this interview with "I'm Not Bad TV":

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L_0lUiplxZk

Writing about the termination for Boing Boing, Ruben Bolling wonders what this means for things like the Roger Rabbit ride at Disneyland, and the ongoing distribution of the film:

https://boingboing.net/2025/11/17/disney-loses-the-rights-to-roger-rabbit-characters-as-they-revert-to-original-author-of-novel.html

It's not clear to me what the answer is but my guess is that Disney will have to offer Wolf enough money that he agrees to keep the film in distribution and the ride running. Which is the point: when you sell your work for film adaptation, no one know if it's going to be a dud or a classic. Termination is copyright's lookback, a way to renegotiate the deal once you've gotten the leverage that comes from success.

If you have a work you signed away the copyright for 35 years or more ago, here is a tool from Creative Commons and the Authors Alliance for terminating the transfer and getting your rights back (disclosure: I am an unpaid member of the Authors Alliance advisory board):

https://rightsback.org/

(Image: Ken Lund, CC BY-SA 2.0, modified)

Hey look at this (permalink)

NZ Supreme Court says Uber drivers are employees https://www.courtsofnz.govt.nz/assets/cases/2025/MR-2025-NZSC-162.pdf
Excellence over mediocrity, from Mamdani to Marx to food https://coreyrobin.com/2025/11/15/excellence-over-mediocrity-from-mamdani-to-marx-to-food/
Google is collecting troves of data from downgraded Nest thermostats https://www.theverge.com/news/820600/google-nest-learning-thermostat-downgraded-data-collection

Object permanence (permalink)

#20yrsago Amazon offers refunds for all Sony rootkit CDs https://craphound.com/amznxmpsonycd.txt

#20yrsago Uninstaller for Sony’s other malware screws up your PC https://blog.citp.princeton.edu/2005/11/17/not-again-uninstaller-iotheri-sony-drm-also-opens-huge-security-hole/

#20yrsago Schneier: Why didn’t anti-virus apps defend us against Sony’s rootkit? https://web.archive.org/web/20051124121434/https://www.wired.com/news/print/0,1294,69601,00.html

#20yrsago Sony still advising public to install rootkits https://web.archive.org/web/20051124053020/https://cp.sonybmg.com/xcp/english/howtouse.html

#15yrsago Hilarious story of disastrous cross-country move with dogs https://hyperboleandahalf.blogspot.com/2010/11/dogs-dont-understand-basic-concepts.html

#15yrsago UK gov’t promises to allow telcos to hold Brits hostage on “two-speed” Internet https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-11773574

#15yrsago Sexually assaulted by a TSA groper https://web.archive.org/web/20101116004124/https://www.ourlittlechatterboxes.com/2010/11/tsa-sexual-assault.html

#10yrsago Former ISIS hostage: they want us to retaliate https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/nov/16/isis-bombs-hostage-syria-islamic-state-paris-attacks?CMP=share_btn_tw

#10yrsago There is no record of US mass surveillance ever preventing a large terror attack https://theintercept.com/2015/11/17/u-s-mass-surveillance-has-no-record-of-thwarting-large-terror-attacks-regardless-of-snowden-leaks/

#10yrsago The final Pratchett: The Shepherd’s Crown https://memex.craphound.com/2015/11/17/the-final-pratchett-the-shepherds-crown/

#10yrsago DRM in TIG welders https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b6mlr_MX2VI

#10yrsago We treat terrorism as more costly than it truly is https://timharford.com/2015/11/nothing-to-fear-but-fear-itself/

#10yrsago David Cameron capitulates to terror, proposes Britain’s USA Patriot Act https://web.archive.org/web/20151117154831/https://thestack.com/security/2015/11/16/cameron-draft-investigatory-powers-bill-timetable-paris/

#5yrsago Storage Wars https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/17/u-stor-it/#nyc

#5yrsago Cross-Media Sci-Fi with Amber Benson and John Rogers https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/17/u-stor-it/#asl

Upcoming appearances (permalink)

London: Downstream IRL with Zack Polanski, Ash Sarkar, and Aaron Bastani (Novara Media), Nov 17
https://dice.fm/partner/tickets/event/oen5rr-downstream-irl-aaron-bastani-in-conversation-with-cory-doctorow-17th-nov-earth-london-tickets
London: Enshittification with Carole Cadwalladr (Frontline Club), Nov 18
https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/in-conversation-enshittification-tickets-1785553983029
Virtual: Enshittification at the Internet Archive, Nov 21
https://www.eventbrite.com/e/book-talk-enshittification-tickets-1839608451399
Virtual: Enshittification with Vass Bednar (Vancouver Public Library), Nov 21
https://www.crowdcast.io/@bclibraries-present
Toronto: Jailbreaking Canada (OCAD U), Nov 27
https://www.ocadu.ca/events-and-exhibitions/jailbreaking-canada
San Diego: Enshittification at the Mission Hills Branch Library, Dec 1
https://libraryfoundationsd.org/events/doctorow
Seattle: Neuroscience, AI and Society (University of Washington), Dec 4
https://www.eventbrite.com/e/neuroscience-ai-and-society-cory-doctorow-tickets-1735371255139
Madison, CT: Enshittification at RJ Julia, Dec 8
https://rjjulia.com/event/2025-12-08/cory-doctorow-enshittification
Hamburg: Chaos Communications Congress, Dec 27-30
https://events.ccc.de/congress/2025/infos/index.html

Recent appearances (permalink)

Enshittification with danah boyd and Lee Vinsel (Peoples & Things)
https://newbooksnetwork.com/cory-doctorow-on-enshittification-why-everything-suddenly-got-worse-and-what-to-do-about-it
Enshittification and Extraction: The Internet Sucks Now, with Tim Wu (Oxford Internet Institute)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CkYxMQJ9c94
Working it out: Job security in the AI era (Web Summit)
https://websummit.com/summaries/lis25/working-it-out-job-security-in-the-ai-era/
How to dis-Enshittify the world (Blood In the Machine)
https://www.bloodinthemachine.com/p/how-to-dis-enshittify-the-world-with
Reimagining Digital Public Infrastructure (Attention: Govern Or Be Governed)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F8JuXDfDtBY

Latest books (permalink)

"Canny Valley": A limited edition collection of the collages I create for Pluralistic, self-published, September 2025
"Enshittification: Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, October 7 2025
https://us.macmillan.com/books/9780374619329/enshittification/
"Picks and Shovels": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about the heroic era of the PC, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2025 (https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250865908/picksandshovels).
"The Bezzle": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about prison-tech and other grifts, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2024 (the-bezzle.org).
"The Lost Cause:" a solarpunk novel of hope in the climate emergency, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), November 2023 (http://lost-cause.org).
"The Internet Con": A nonfiction book about interoperability and Big Tech (Verso) September 2023 (http://seizethemeansofcomputation.org). Signed copies at Book Soup (https://www.booksoup.com/book/9781804291245).
"Red Team Blues": "A grabby, compulsive thriller that will leave you knowing more about how the world works than you did before." Tor Books http://redteamblues.com.
"Chokepoint Capitalism: How to Beat Big Tech, Tame Big Content, and Get Artists Paid, with Rebecca Giblin", on how to unrig the markets for creative labor, Beacon Press/Scribe 2022 https://chokepointcapitalism.com

Upcoming books (permalink)

"Unauthorized Bread": a middle-grades graphic novel adapted from my novella about refugees, toasters and DRM, FirstSecond, 2026
"Enshittification, Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It" (the graphic novel), Firstsecond, 2026
"The Memex Method," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 2026
"The Reverse-Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book about being a better AI critic, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2026

Colophon (permalink)

Today's top sources:

Currently writing:

"The Reverse Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book for Farrar, Straus and Giroux about being an effective AI critic. FIRST DRAFT COMPLETE AND SUBMITTED.
A Little Brother short story about DIY insulin PLANNING

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"When life gives you SARS, you make sarsaparilla" -Joey "Accordion Guy" DeVilla

ISSN: 3066-764X

2025 - A Year In Review - Terence Eden’s Blog

2025-11-18T12:34:03.000Z

Much like the emperors of old, the year ends on my birthday. As of today, the world is reborn anew as I ascend into the next year of my life. So, what was being 45 like?

Odd.

Odd but good.

At the end of last year's post, I said:

I only have one goal. Stop.

A few weeks ago, Liz and I both quit our jobs. By the end of 2024, our careers will be on hiatus.

I want to have a big mental clean-out. Sort out what I enjoy doing and what I just do out of habit. Work out who I am when I'm not working.

And, yeah, I'm getting there! Quitting work (don't call it FIRE) wasn't as traumatic as I thought. It is a little weird shifting into indolence. And it is sometimes terrifying not to have a regular pay-cheque come in. But it has mostly been inconsequential.

Much like the Buddhist saying "Before Enlightenment: chop wood, carry water. After Enlightenment: chop wood, carry water" - life continues. The dishwasher needs loading, meals must be cooked, bills have to be paid. The rhythm of life beats on.

Have I got my delicious meaty brain into shape? I'm a bit less stressed about things. I was never one for bringing my work home with me - but I'm certainly less tense now I have fewer responsibilities. I've been able to exercise more and am (mostly) at my goal weight having (mostly) hit my daily step count.

I wrote something that got published in a magazine, and a bunch of my blog posts got lots of readers. I like it when the number goes up.

I'm volunteering on projects I believe in - but not too much. I was wary of replacing all my work commitments with voluntary ones. I intend to be a bit more involved in 2026.

It has been easier seeing friends and going on adventures knowing that we can stay up late without consequence.

On that point, we have been seeing a lot of friends. Which is nice. Not all of them - we still need to make plans to reconnect with people.

Travel

Our vague aim was to visit 12 countries in 12 months.

Marrakesh in Morocco was lovely. Lots of lazing by a pool, wandering the Medina, gawping at museums. Perfect for a refreshing break.
We did a 30 day Interrail tour across 10 countries. A little stressful at times, but a good way to exercise our travel muscles.
I nipped back to Zagreb to speak at EuroBSDCon (work! Tsk!).
Does a long-weekend in Wales count? Either way, it was lush!

And we're now preparing for a massive trip to Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and Thailand. So we'll hit the 12 well before the end of the year!

What hasn't worked

The UK's housing market continues to be batshit insane. Part of our plan rested on selling our old house. This has not been straightforward. What should have been a simple, chain-free transaction has been ridiculously complicated and stressful. That put a crimp on many of our plans for the year, and dented our overall happiness.

I'm still doing bits-and-pieces of work. Mostly small bits for friendly organisations. I get to pick-and-choose, and turn down anything that looks like "expensive money". Liz says I'm doing retirement wrong - I say I'm just keeping my hand in. But she's probably right!

I was invited to speak at a prestigious conference. But, through a confluence of logistics and cost, I couldn't go. No one's fault, although rather annoying.

Sometimes I volunteer for things and then think "WHY!?!?!"

Video Games still elude me. I didn't get on with Obra Dinn and I'm worried that Blue Prince won't live up to the hype. I quite like watching Liz play ~~Farm Factorio~~ Stardew Valley.

Next Year

So, what are my goals for next year?

Bits and pieces of work.
- I don't want an N-days a week job, but I do like doing a few days or weeks here and there.
Attend - but don't speak - at conferences.
- I think people are a bit tired of seeing me on stage. At least, I'm a bit tired of being on it! So heading off to OggCamp, EMFCamp, and others in a strictly tourist capacity.
More health - more exercise.
- My silly smartwatch is good at reminding me to keep moving. So I guess I'd better keep moving!
Travelling.
- Possibly not another 12 countries - but some more trips to places that we've never been before. Maybe even another Interrail trip to bits of Europe unknown to us.
Keep blogging.
- I've settled down to a cadence of a new post every other day. That seems sustainable without being onerous. I still want to learn one new thing per day (on average).
See more friends in person.
- Hang out more with people. We did a bunch of this in Europe and it was lots of fun. If you'd like to catch up over a drink, drop me a line 😃

The world appears to be going mad. This is my way of coping. Perhaps delulu really is the solulu?

Diving in to history

Thanks for reading, if you have been. Future historians may be interested in previous years' reviews for 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014⁰ 2013, 2012, 2011, and 2010.

The year 2014 is subject to an ongoing temporal war and cannot be revisited. ↩︎

Pluralistic: The games industry's self-induced traumatic brain injury (17 Nov 2025) - Pluralistic: Daily links from Cory Doctorow

2025-11-17T16:54:35.000Z

Today's links

The games industry's self-induced traumatic brain injury: Amnesia is video games' default state.
Hey look at this: Delights to delectate.
Object permanence: Sony DRM nonpology; Misprinted prefab houses; Canada's repair law can't be fixed; BNL's USB-stick release; Pornoscanners vs pleats; The Internet will always suck.
Upcoming appearances: Where to find me.
Recent appearances: Where I've been.
Latest books: You keep readin' em, I'll keep writin' 'em.
Upcoming books: Like I said, I'll keep writin' 'em.
Colophon: All the rest.

The games industry's self-induced traumatic brain injury (permalink)

Words have power. In 1991, I read "The Wonderful Power of Storytelling," the transcript of Bruce Sterling's keynote speech for that year's Game Developers Conference in San Jose, CA, and within a year, I'd dropped out of university to become a programmer:

https://bruces.medium.com/the-wonderful-power-of-storytelling-by-bruce-sterling-1991-9d2846c2c5df

Bruce's speech wasn't the only reason I dropped out, but it's certainly been the most durable, and I frequently return to it in my mind as I navigate the difficult and turbulent waters of art and technology. In particular, I've had much cause to ponder Sterling's ideas about the very weird way that game developers relate to their art-form's history:

My art, science fiction writing, is pretty new as literary arts go, but it labors under the curse of three thousand years of literacy. In some weird sense I’m in direct competition with Homer and Euripides. I mean, these guys aren’t in the SFWA, but their product is still taking up valuable rack-space. You guys on the other hand get to reinvent everything every time a new platform takes over the field. This is your advantage and your glory. This is also your curse. It’s a terrible kind of curse really…

…A lot of our art aspires to the condition of software, our art today wants to be digital… But our riches of information are in some deep and perverse sense a terrible burden to us. They’re like a cognitive load. As a digitized information-rich culture nowadays, we have to artificially invent ways to forget stuff. I think this is the real explanation for the triumph of compact disks…

…The real advantage of CDs is that they allow you to forget all your vinyl records. You think you love this record collection that you’ve amassed over the years. But really the sheer choice, the volume, the load of memory there is secretly weighing you down…

…By dumping the platform you dump everything attached to the platform and my god what a blessed secret relief. What a relief not to remember it, not to think about it, not to have it take up disk-space in your head…

…I’ve noticed though that computer game designers don’t look much to the past. All their idealized classics tend to be in reverse, they’re projected into the future. When you’re a game designer and you’re waxing very creative and arty, you tend to measure your work by stuff that doesn’t exist yet…

… I can see that it’s very seductive, but at the same time I can’t help but see that the ground is crumbling under your feet. Every time a platform vanishes it’s like a little cultural apocalypse…

…I can imagine a time when all the current platforms might vanish, and then what the hell becomes of your entire mode of expression?

Even by the high standards of a Bruce Sterling keynote, this is a very good one, and Sterling does that amazing thing where he's iterating different ways of making this point, examining it from every angle, and it makes it hard ro excerpt it for an article like this. I mean, you should just go and read the whole thing and then come back, honestly:

https://bruces.medium.com/the-wonderful-power-of-storytelling-by-bruce-sterling-1991-9d2846c2c5df

But the reason I quote those specific excerpts above is because of what they say about the strange terror and exhilaration of working without history, of inhabiting a world shorn of all object permanence. This was a very live question in those days. In 1993, Wired's Jargon Watch column ran a definition for "Pickling":

Archiving a working model of a computer to read data stored in that computer's format. Apple Computer has pickled a shrink-wrapped Apple II in a vault so that it can read Apple II software, perhaps in the not-too-distant future.

https://www.wired.com/1993/05/jargon-watch-12/

In 1996, Brewster Kahle founded the Internet Archive, with the mission to save every version of every web-page, ever, forever. Today, the Archive holds more than a trillion pages:

https://blog.archive.org/trillion/

Digital media are paradoxical: on the one hand, nothing is easier to copy than bits. That's all a computer does, after all: copy things. What's more mass storage gets cheaper and faster and smaller every year, on a curve that puts Moore's Law to shame.

After dropping out of university, I got a job programming multimedia CD ROMs for The Voyager Company, and they sent me my first 1GB drive, which was the size of a toaster, weighed 3lbs and cost $4,000.

30 years later, I've just upgraded my laptop's SDD from 2TB to 4TB: it cost less than $300, and is both the size and weight of a stick of gum. It's 4,000 times larger, at least 10,000 times faster, is 98% lighter, and cost 97% less.

We can store a hell of a lot of data for not very much money. And at that price, we can back it up to hell and back: I rotate two backup drives at home, keeping one off-site and swapping them weekly; I also have another drive I travel with and do a daily backup on. Parts of my data are also backed up online to various cloud systems that are, themselves, also backed up.

And while drives do fail, drives that are attached to computers that people use every day tend to fail gracefully in that their material defects typically make themselves felt over time, giving ample warning (at least for attentive users) that it's time to replace them.

Given the spectacular improvements in mass storage, there's also no problem migrating data from one system to the next. Back in the 1990s, I stored a ton of my data offline and near-line, on fragile media like floppies, Zip cartridges and DAT cassettes. I pretty much never conducted a full inventory of these disks, checking to see if they were working, much less transferring them to new media. That meant that at every turn, there was the possibility that the media would have rotted; and with every generation, there was the possibility that I wouldn't be able to source a working drive that was capable of reading the old media.

But somewhere in there, storage got too cheap to meter. I transferred all those floppies – including some Apple ][+ formatted 5.25" disks I'd had since the early 1980s – to a hard drive, which was subsequently transferred to a bigger hard drive (which, paradoxically, was much smaller!) and thence to another bigger (and smaller) drive and so on, up to the 4TB drive that's presently about 7mm beneath my fingers as I type these words.

This data may not be immortal, but it's certainly a lot more loss-resistant than any comparable tranche of data in human history.

Data isn't the whole story, of course. To use the data, you have to be able to open it in a program. There, too, the problems of yesteryear have all but vanished. First came the interoperable programs, which reverse-engineered these file formats so they could be read and written with increasing fidelity to the programs they were created in:

https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2019/06/adversarial-interoperability-reviving-elegant-weapon-more-civilized-age-slay

But then came the emulators and APIs that could simply run the old programs on new hardware. After all, computers are always getting much faster, which means that simulating a computer that's just a few years old on modern hardware is pretty trivial. Indeed, you can simulate multiple instances of the computer I wrote CD ROMs for Voyager on inside a browser window…on your phone:

https://infinitemac.org/1996/System%207.5.3

Which meant that, for quite some time, Bruce's prophecy of games living in an eternal ahistorical now, an art form whose earlier works are all but inaccessible, was dead wrong. Between emulators (MAME) and API reimplementations (WINE), a gigantic amount of gaming history has been brought back and preserved.

What's more, there's a market for this stuff. Companies like Good Old Games have gone into business licensing and reviving the games people love. But it keeps getting harder, because of a mix of "Digital Rights Management" (the "copy-protection" that games companies pursue with a virulence that borders on mania) and the difficulty of tracking down rightsholders:

https://www.pcgamer.com/games/just-in-case-you-thought-reviving-dead-games-seemed-easy-enough-gog-had-to-hire-a-private-investigator-to-find-an-ip-holder-living-off-the-grid-for-its-preservation-program/

And doing this stuff without permission is a fraught business, because the big games companies hate games preservation and wage vicious war on their own biggest fans to stamp it out:

https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/21/wrecking-ball/#ssbm

Which means that the games preservation effort is coming full circle, back to Bruce Sterling's 1991 description of "the ground crumbling under your feet"; of an endless series of "little cultural apocalypses."

It doesn't have to be this way. The decades since Bruce's talk proved that games can and should be preserved, that artists and their audiences need to continue to access these works even if the companies that make them would rather "reinvent everything every time a new platform takes over the field" and not have to be "in direct competition with Homer and Euripides."

The "Stop Killing Games" consumer movement is trying to save the library that games publishers have been trying to burn down since the 1990s:

https://www.stopkillinggames.com/

They're currently hoping to get games preservation built into the new EU "Digital Fairness" Act:

https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/better-regulation/have-your-say/initiatives/14622-Digital-Fairness-Act

It's a good tactical goal. After all, it's manifestly "unfair" to charge you money for a game and then take the game away later, whether that's because you don't want to pay to keep the servers on (or let someone else run them), or because you don't want the old game to exist in order to coerce your customers into buying a new one.

Or both.

No matter the reason, there is nothing good about the games industry's decades-long project of erasing its own past. It's bad for gamers, it's bad for game developers, and it's bad for games. No art form can exist in a permanent, atemporal now, with its history erased as quickly as it's created.

(Image: Erica Fischer, CC BY 2.0, modified)

Hey look at this (permalink)

The EU has let US tech giants run riot. Diluting our data law will only entrench their power https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2025/nov/12/eu-gdpr-data-law-us-tech-giants-digital
chud atlantis https://www.tumblr.com/mcmansionhell/800217589248819200/chud-atlantis
Copyright Winter is Coming (to Wikipedia?) https://authorsalliance.substack.com/p/copyright-winter-is-coming-to-wikipedia
Lina Khan Stays Remarkably on Message on ‘The Adam Friedland Show’ https://gizmodo.com/lina-khan-stays-remarkably-on-message-on-the-adam-friedland-show-2000685642
CSI Fall 2025 Catalog https://csi.asu.edu/catalog-fall-2025/

Object permanence (permalink)

#20yrsago 5000 music cylinders digitized and posted https://cylinders.library.ucsb.edu/

#20yrsago Girl who didn’t do homework put on street with WILL WORK FOR FOOD sign https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/16/AR2005111601926.html

#20yrsago Sony rootkit roundup, part II https://memex.craphound.com/2005/11/16/sony-rootkit-roundup-part-ii/

#20yrsago Sony CDs banned in the workplace https://memex.craphound.com/2005/11/16/sony-cds-banned-in-the-workplace/

#20yrsago Sony waits 3 DAYS to withdraw dangerous “uninstaller” for its rootkit https://web.archive.org/web/20051124053710/https://cp.sonybmg.com/xcp/english/uninstall.html

#20yrsago Student folds paper 12 times! https://web.archive.org/web/20051102085038/https://www.pomonahistorical.org/12times.htm

#20yrsago Barenaked Ladies release album on USB stick https://web.archive.org/web/20051124234734/http://www.bnlmusic.com/news/default.asp

#20yrsago Latest Sony news: 100% of CDs with rootkits, mainstream condemnation, retailers angry https://memex.craphound.com/2005/11/15/latest-sony-news-100-of-cds-with-rootkits-mainstream-condemnation-retailers-angry/

#20yrsago Sony disavows lockware patent https://web.archive.org/web/20051126133522/https://www.playfuls.com/news_3827.html

#20yrsago Sony infects more than 500k networks, including military and govt https://web.archive.org/web/20051231222014/http://www.doxpara.com/?q=/node/1129

#20yrsago Sony’s spyware “remover” creates huge security hole https://blog.citp.princeton.edu/2005/11/15/sonys-web-based-uninstaller-opens-big-security-hole-sony-recall-discs/

#20yrsago Sony issues non-apology for compromising your PC https://web.archive.org/web/20051124053248/http://cp.sonybmg.com/xcp/

#20yrsago Sory Electronics: Will Sony make amends for infecting our computers? https://web.archive.org/web/20051124203930/http://soryelectronics.com/

#15yrsago UK gov’t wants to legalize racial profiling https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/nov/15/stop-and-search-equality-commission

#15yrsago Canadian writers’ group issues FUD warnings about new copyright bill https://web.archive.org/web/20101117004549/http://www.michaelgeist.ca/content/view/5445/125/

#15yrsago Misprinted prefab houses https://zeitguised.wordpress.com/2010/11/08/concrete-misplots/

#15yrsago WWI-era photos of people pretending to be patriotic pixels https://web.archive.org/web/20101124060200/https://www.hammergallery.com/images/peoplepictures/people

#15yrsago Steampunk bandwidth gauge https://web.archive.org/web/20101118071250/https://blog.skytee.com/2010/11/torrentmeter-a-steampunk-bandwidth-meter/

#15yrsago UK gov’t apologizes for decades of secret nuclear power industry corpse-mutilation https://web.archive.org/web/20101119171708/http://uk.reuters.com/article/idUKTRE6AF4CT20101116

#15yrsago Understanding COICA, America’s horrific proposed net-censorship bill https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2010/11/case-against-coica

#15yrsago London cops shut down anti-police website; mirrors spring up all over the net https://www.theguardian.com/education/2010/nov/16/web-advice-students-avoid-arrest

#15yrsago TSA tee: “We get to touch your junk” https://web.archive.org/web/20101119090103/http://skreened.com/oped/junk-search

#15yrsago Indie Band Survival Guide: soup-to-nuts, no-BS manual for 21st century artistic life https://memex.craphound.com/2010/11/16/indie-band-survival-guide-soup-to-nuts-no-bs-manual-for-21st-century-artistic-life/

#15yrsago New aviation risk: pleats https://web.archive.org/web/20101118015618/http://www.thelocal.de/sci-tech/20101116-31209.html

#10yrsago How scientists trick themselves (and how they can prevent it) https://www.nature.com/articles/526182a

#10yrsago Is Batman’s evidence admissible in court? https://lawandthemultiverse.com/2015/11/16/batman-constitution-how-gotham-da-convict-criminals/

#10yrsago Hello From the Magic Tavern: hilarious, addictive improv podcast https://memex.craphound.com/2015/11/16/hello-from-the-magic-tavern-hilarious-addictive-improv-podcast/

#10yrsago The Internet will always suck https://locusmag.com/feature/cory-doctorow-the-internet-will-always-suck/

#10yrsago How terrorists trick Western governments into doing their work for them https://web.archive.org/web/20151119044939/http://gawker.com/terrorism-works-1678049997

#5yrsago Youtube-dl is back https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/16/pill-mills/#yt-dl

#5yrsago HHS to pharma: stop bribing writing docs https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/16/pill-mills/#oig

#5yrsago The Attack Surface Lectures https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/16/pill-mills/#asl

#1yrago Canada's ground-breaking, hamstrung repair and interop laws https://pluralistic.net/2024/11/15/radical-extremists/#sex-pest

Upcoming appearances (permalink)

London: Downstream IRL with Zack Polanski, Ash Sarkar, and Aaron Bastani (Novara Media), Nov 17
https://dice.fm/partner/tickets/event/oen5rr-downstream-irl-aaron-bastani-in-conversation-with-cory-doctorow-17th-nov-earth-london-tickets
London: Enshittification with Carole Cadwalladr (Frontline Club), Nov 18
https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/in-conversation-enshittification-tickets-1785553983029
Virtual: Enshittification at the Internet Archive, Nov 21
https://www.eventbrite.com/e/book-talk-enshittification-tickets-1839608451399
Virtual: Enshittification with Vass Bednar (Vancouver Public Library), Nov 21
https://www.crowdcast.io/@bclibraries-present
Toronto: Jailbreaking Canada (OCAD U), Nov 27
https://www.ocadu.ca/events-and-exhibitions/jailbreaking-canada
San Diego: Enshittification at the Mission Hills Branch Library, Dec 1
https://libraryfoundationsd.org/events/doctorow
Seattle: Neuroscience, AI and Society (University of Washington), Dec 4
https://www.eventbrite.com/e/neuroscience-ai-and-society-cory-doctorow-tickets-1735371255139
Madison, CT: Enshittification at RJ Julia, Dec 8
https://rjjulia.com/event/2025-12-08/cory-doctorow-enshittification
Hamburg: Chaos Communications Congress, Dec 27-30
https://events.ccc.de/congress/2025/infos/index.html

Recent appearances (permalink)

Enshittification with danah boyd and Lee Vinsel (Peoples & Things)
https://newbooksnetwork.com/cory-doctorow-on-enshittification-why-everything-suddenly-got-worse-and-what-to-do-about-it
Enshittification and Extraction: The Internet Sucks Now, with Tim Wu (Oxford Internet Institute)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CkYxMQJ9c94
Working it out: Job security in the AI era (Web Summit)
https://websummit.com/summaries/lis25/working-it-out-job-security-in-the-ai-era/
How to dis-Enshittify the world (Blood In the Machine)
https://www.bloodinthemachine.com/p/how-to-dis-enshittify-the-world-with
Reimagining Digital Public Infrastructure (Attention: Govern Or Be Governed)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F8JuXDfDtBY

Latest books (permalink)

"Canny Valley": A limited edition collection of the collages I create for Pluralistic, self-published, September 2025
"Enshittification: Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, October 7 2025
https://us.macmillan.com/books/9780374619329/enshittification/
"Picks and Shovels": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about the heroic era of the PC, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2025 (https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250865908/picksandshovels).
"The Bezzle": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about prison-tech and other grifts, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2024 (the-bezzle.org).
"The Lost Cause:" a solarpunk novel of hope in the climate emergency, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), November 2023 (http://lost-cause.org).
"The Internet Con": A nonfiction book about interoperability and Big Tech (Verso) September 2023 (http://seizethemeansofcomputation.org). Signed copies at Book Soup (https://www.booksoup.com/book/9781804291245).
"Red Team Blues": "A grabby, compulsive thriller that will leave you knowing more about how the world works than you did before." Tor Books http://redteamblues.com.
"Chokepoint Capitalism: How to Beat Big Tech, Tame Big Content, and Get Artists Paid, with Rebecca Giblin", on how to unrig the markets for creative labor, Beacon Press/Scribe 2022 https://chokepointcapitalism.com

Upcoming books (permalink)

"Unauthorized Bread": a middle-grades graphic novel adapted from my novella about refugees, toasters and DRM, FirstSecond, 2026
"Enshittification, Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It" (the graphic novel), Firstsecond, 2026
"The Memex Method," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 2026
"The Reverse-Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book about being a better AI critic, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2026

Colophon (permalink)

Today's top sources:

Currently writing:

"The Reverse Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book for Farrar, Straus and Giroux about being an effective AI critic. FIRST DRAFT COMPLETE AND SUBMITTED.
A Little Brother short story about DIY insulin PLANNING

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Quotations and images are not included in this license; they are included either under a limitation or exception to copyright, or on the basis of a separate license. Please exercise caution.

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"When life gives you SARS, you make sarsaparilla" -Joey "Accordion Guy" DeVilla

ISSN: 3066-764X

OpenBenches 💖 OpenStreetMap - Terence Eden’s Blog

2025-11-17T12:34:41.000Z

When Liz and I created the OpenBenches website, it was just designed to be a fun way for people to record memorial benches. Since then things have got out of hand and we now have over thirty-nine thousand benches recorded!

Our plan was never to compete with something like OpenStreetMap. The OSM project is vast, complex, and brilliant - we are small, simple, and differently brilliant. But, over the years, people have repeatedly asked if there's any way to combine the two data sets.

This has proved logistically complex for several reasons.

Our users aren't experienced mappers.
- Most of our entries are uploaded with fairly fuzzy GPS co-ordinates. Mobile phones aren't always the best at accurate locations and, besides, people tend to stand away from the bench when taking its photo. So our data isn't quite at the level of quality rightly demanded by OSM.
OSM didn't have a tag specifically for memorial benches.
- We started out site in 2017. OSM added the Tag:memorial=bench in 2021. Up until then, there wasn't a great way to record that a bench was a memorial.
Data licencing is complicated.
- We chose the Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike licence - it seemed like a good idea at the time! OSM use ODbL which is subtly incompatible. As such, OSM volunteers asked us to sign a waiver so they could use the data - which we happily did.
Adding or editing data on OSM can be complicated.
- OpenBenches is designed to be an upload-and-forget process. It doesn't matter much to us if a bench is recorded a dozen metres away from its true location. But that isn't the way OSM works. We didn't want to bulk upload data which was inaccurate, incomplete, or inappropriate. Luckily, there are now tools to help with that!

Things have been working away in the background. Some people have manually added Key:openbenches:id to appropriate benches, and others have edited our database to make the locations closer to reality.

And now, thanks to the sterling work of the brilliant Pieter Vander Vennet we're moving to our next phase of increased collaboration!

Firstly, there are about 1,060 benches on OpenStreetMap which have an OpenBenches ID. I've taken all those OSM IDs and put them into our database. Which means that the OpenBenches website can display a button like this:

One click and you're looking at OSM - ready to investigate, edit, or admire.

But what about the other 38,000 benches? Well, that's where MapComplete comes in. MapComplete is sort of like Pokémon Go for maps. As you wander this Earth, you can complete little quests to help improve OpenStreetMap. For example, on the "Pubs" quest, you can add details of all the pubs you visit.

With the "Bench" quest, it is a little different. If an OpenBench is sufficiently nearby an OSM bench, you'll get the option to link the two with a couple of clicks.

But there are loads of benches we have discovered which aren't in the OSM database. In which case, you can add a new bench to OSM using the data from OpenBenches!

This has been a couple of years in the making - but it looks like most of the kinks are now sorted out. I'm sure there will be a few early problems, and no doubt a bit of late-night bug fixing, but I hope that this is the start of something long-lasting. The joy of decentralised sites using open data is that we can all build on each others' work in a spirit of fun and exploration.

Gadget Review: Benfei USB-C Video Capture ★★★★★ - Terence Eden’s Blog

2025-11-15T12:34:43.000Z

Want to capture video from your phone or console? You could just point a camera at the screen, but a more sensible way to do it is to capture the video directly via USB-C.

The good folks at Benfei have sent me another gadget to review! This is a USB-C Video/Audio capture dongle. Plug one end into a device and the other into your computer - it will show up as a USB video capture device.

Notice the extra USB socket there?

USB Power

One great thing about this device is that it has USB Power Delivery pass through. This means you can charge your device while grabbing video from it. That's more than a "nice to have" - the Nintendo Switch will refuse to output video over USB-C unless it is connected to a power supply.

The capture device claims to be able to pass through 100W - I don't have any devices which need that much power, but my USB-C Power Meter showed devices happily slurping down between 5W and 20W depending on the device I was using.

So how does it do?

Video and Audio

It is limited to 1080p @ 60Hz, which is good enough for most things.

Here's a short clip from the Nintendo Switch:

https://shkspr.mobi/blog/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Benfei-Switch.mp4

And here's a capture from my Android phone:

https://shkspr.mobi/blog/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Benfei-Android-Video.mp4

Linux

For the nerds amongst us, this shows up in lsusb as 345f:2130 MACROSILICON USB3 Video which should be well supported.

OBS Studio was able to capture the video and audio input perfectly:

It is the epitome of Plug & Play. Shove one end into your device and plug the other end into your computer's USB-C port. That's it. Done. No software to install, no drivers to download, no switches to flip. There's also a handy adapter if you want to use a USB-A socket - although it will need to support USB 3 speeds.

Limitations

As with most HDMI devices, it will refuse to stream video protected by HDCP DRM. That means you probably can't stream your Netflix / Disney / Whatever subscription to your laptop.

It is limited to stereo sound. I couldn't convince the Nintendo Switch to output surround sound.

Obviously, it only works with devices which have USB-C video output. Modern Android and most hand-held consoles will work. Your PS5 won't.

So what about those devices without USB-C?

Bonus HDMI Dongle!

So you're a wannabe Twitch streamer, or you just want to capture something from your HDMI output? The good folks at Benfei also sent me their HDMI Capture Dongle to review.

There's absolutely nothing else to say about this one. It has the same internals - 345f:2130 MACROSILICON USB3 Video - and works exactly the same.

Shove an HDMI cable in there and you're good to go,

Price

The USB-C to USB-C cable a surprisingly reasonable £15. If you need to capture video for presentations or streaming, it will do the job splendidly. The cable is long enough to drape from a machine to a source - and the Power Delivery is useful.

The HDMI capture is only £12. They both work identically well and are supported on Linux.

Highly recommended!

Pluralistic: Zorhan Mamdani's world-class photocopier-kicker (15 Nov 2025) - Pluralistic: Daily links from Cory Doctorow

2025-11-15T11:28:22.000Z

Today's links

Zohran Mamdani's world-class photocopier-kicker: Lina Khan has plans for New York City.
Hey look at this: Delights to delectate.
Object permanence: Pirate code in Sony rootkit; Tim Wu on "New Monopolists"; Supersonic chirps in ads; Fordite; Sony's rootkit uninstaller leaves computers insecure; Anne Frank Foundation's copyfraud.
Upcoming appearances: Where to find me.
Recent appearances: Where I've been.
Latest books: You keep readin' em, I'll keep writin' 'em.
Upcoming books: Like I said, I'll keep writin' 'em.
Colophon: All the rest.

Zohran Mamdani's world-class photocopier-kicker (permalink)

The most exciting thing about Biden's antitrust enforcers was how good they were at their jobs. They were dead-on chapter-and-verse on every authority and statute available to the administrative branch, and they set about in earnest figuring out how to use those powers to help the American people:

https://www.eff.org/de/deeplinks/2021/08/party-its-1979-og-antitrust-back-baby

It was a remarkable contrast from the default Democratic Party line, which is to insist that being elected gives you no power at all, because of filibusters or Republicans or pollsters or decorum or billionaire donors or Mercury in retrograde. It's also a remarkable contrast from Republicans, whose approach to politics is "fuck you, we said so, and our billionaires have showered the Supreme Court in enough money to make that stick."

But under Biden, the trustbusters that had been chosen and fought for by the Warren-Sanders wing of the party proved themselves to be both a) incredibly principled; and b) incredibly skilled. They memorized the rulebook(s) and then figured out what they needed to do to mobilize those rules to makes Americans' lives better by shielding them from swindlers, predators and billionaires (often the same person, obvs).

They epitomized the joke about the photocopier repair tech, who comes into the office, delivers a swift kick to the xerox machine, and hands you a bill for $75.

"$75 for kicking the photocopier?"

"No, it's $5 to kick the photocopier, and $70 for knowing where to kick it."

https://pluralistic.net/2022/10/18/administrative-competence/#i-know-stuff

One of Biden's best photocopier kickers was and is Lina Khan. She embodies the incredible potential of a fully operational battle-station, which is to say that she embodies the awesome power of a skilled technocrat who is also deeply ethical and genuinely interested in helping the public. Technocrats get a bad name, because they tend to be empty suits like Pete Buttigieg, who either didn't know what powers he had, or lacked the courage (or desire) to wield them:

https://pluralistic.net/2023/01/10/the-courage-to-govern/#whos-in-charge

But another way of saying "technocrat" is "someone who is very good at their job." And that's Khan.

You'll never guess what Khan is doing now: she's co-chairing Zohran Mamdani's transition team!

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2025/nov/12/yes-new-york-will-soon-be-under-new-management-but-zohran-mamdani-is-just-the-start

Khan's role in the Mamdani administration will be familiar to those of us who cheered her on at the Federal Trade Commission: she is metabolizing the rules that define the actions that mayors are allowed to take, figuring out how to use those actions to improve the lives of working New Yorkers, and making a plan to combine the former with the latter to make a real difference:

https://www.semafor.com/article/11/12/2025/lina-khans-populist-plan-for-new-york-cheaper-hot-dogs-and-other-things

Front and center is the New York City Consumer Protection Law of 1969, which contains a broad prohibition on "unconscionable" commercial practices:

https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2404&context=mjlr

There are many statute books that contain a law like this. For example, Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act bans "unfair and deceptive" practices, and this rule is so useful that it was transposed, almost verbatim, into the statute that defines the Department of Transportation's powers:

https://pluralistic.net/2023/01/16/for-petes-sake/#unfair-and-deceptive

Now, this isn't carte blanche for enforcers to simply point at anything they don't like and declare it to be "unconscionable" or "unfair" or "deceptive" and shut it down. To use these powers, enforcers must first "develop a record" by getting feedback from the public about the problem. The normal way to do this is through "notice and comment," where you collect comments from anyone who wants to weigh in on the issue. Practically speaking, though, "anyone" turns out to be "lawyers and lobbyists working for industry," who are the only people who pay attention to this kind of thing and know how to navigate it.

When Khan was running the FTC, she launched plenty of notice and comment efforts, but she went much further, doing "listening tours" in which she and her officials and staff went to the people, traveling the country convening well-attended public meetings where everyday people got to weigh in on these issues. This is an incredibly powerful approach, because enforcers can only act to address the issues in the record, and if you only hear from lawyers and lobbyists, you can only act to address their concerns.

Remember when Mamdani was on the campaign trail and he went out and talked to street vendors about why halal cart food had gotten so expensive? It turns out that halal cart vendors each have to pay tens of thousands of dollars to economic parasites who've cornered the market on food cart licenses, which they rent out at exorbitant markups to vendors, who pass those costs onto New Yorkers every lunchtime:

https://documentedny.com/2025/11/04/halal-food-trucks-back-mamdani/

That's the kind of thing Khan did when she was running the FTC, identifying serious problems, then seeking out the everyday people best suited to describing how the underlying scams hurt, and how they harmed everyday people:

https://pluralistic.net/2024/07/24/gouging-the-all-seeing-eye/#i-spy

Khan's already picked out some "unconscionable" practices that the mayor has "standalone authority" to address: everything from hospitals that price gouge on over-the-counter pain meds to sports stadiums that gouge fans on hot dogs and beer. She's taking aim at "algorithmic pricing" (when companies use commercial surveillance data to determine whether you're desperate and raise prices to take advantage of that fact) and junk fees (where the price you pay goes way up at checkout time to pay for a bunch of vague "services" that you can't opt out of).

This is already making all the right people lose their minds, with screaming headlines about how this will "deliver a socialist agenda":

https://web.archive.org/web/20251114230206/https://nypost.com/2025/11/14/us-news/zohran-mamdanis-transition-leader-lina-khan-seeks-more-power-for-him/

In a long-form interview with Jon Stewart, Khan goes deep on her regulatory philosophy and the way she's going to bring the same fire she brought to the most effective FTC since the Carter administration to Mamdani's historic administration of New York City, a municipality with a population and economy that's larger than many US states and foreign nations:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vRJWM_3OW2Y

One important aspect of Khan's work that she is always at pains to stress is deterrence. When an enforcer acts against a company that is scamming and preying upon the public, their private finances and internal communications become a matter of public record. Employees and executives have to be painstakingly instructed and monitored so that they don't say anything that will prejudice their cases. All this happens irrespective of the eventual outcome of the case.

Remember: we're at the tail end of a 40-year experiment in official tolerance and encouragements for monopolies and corporate predation. Those lost generations saw the construction of a massive edifice of bad case-law and judicial intuition. Smashing that wall won't happen overnight. There will be a lot of losses. But when the process is (part of) the punishment, the mere existence of someone like Khan in a position of power can terrify companies into being on their best behavior.

As MLK put it, "The law can't make a man love me, but it can stop him from lynching me, and that's pretty important."

The oligarchs that acquired their wealth and power by ripping off New Yorkers will never truly believe that working people deserve a fair shake – but if they're sufficiently afraid of the likes of Khan, they'll damned well act like they do.

(Image: lee, CC BY-SA 4.0, modified)

Hey look at this (permalink)

A dream denied: My 54-year quest to publish a short story in F&SF https://www.scottedelman.com/wordpress/2025/11/12/a-dream-denied/
The algorithm failed music https://www.theverge.com/column/815744/music-recommendation-algorithms
Why the filibuster? https://coreyrobin.com/2025/11/11/why-the-filibuster/
Britain’s Railway Privatization Was an Abject Failure https://www.rosalux.de/en/news/id/53917/britains-railway-privatization-was-an-abject-failure
The lawsuit is over! https://linkletter.org/update-33-the-lawsuit-is-over/

Object permanence (permalink)

#20yrsago Sony begins to recall some infected CDs https://web.archive.org/web/20051127235441/http://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/technology/2005-11-14-sony-cds_x.htm

#20yrsago Sony’s rootkit uninstaller is really dangerous https://blog.citp.princeton.edu/2005/11/14/dont-use-sonys-web-based-xcp-uninstaller/

#20yrsago Table made from ancient, giant hard-drive platter https://web.archive.org/web/20050929185244/https://grandideastudio.com/portfolio/index.php?id=1&prod=20

#20yrsago EFF to Sony: you broke it, you oughta fix it https://web.archive.org/web/20051126084944/http://www.eff.org/IP/DRM/Sony-BMG/?f=open-letter-2005-11-14.html

#20yrsago Sony anti-customer technology roundup and time-line https://memex.craphound.com/2005/11/14/sony-anti-customer-technology-roundup-and-time-line/

#20yrsago Visa’s “free” laptop costs at least $60 more than retail in fees https://web.archive.org/web/20051125053825/http://debt-consolidation.strategy-blogs.com/2005/10/free-laptop-from-visa.html

#20yrsago Sony’s rootkit infringes on software copyrights https://web.archive.org/web/20061108150242/https://dewinter.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=215

#20yrsago Gizmodo flamed by crazy inventor; turns out he’s a crook https://web.archive.org/web/20051126101341/https://us.gizmodo.com/gadgets/portable-media/iload-inventor-vents-is-out-on-bail-136934.php

#20yrsago Fox counsels viewers to share videos of shows https://memex.craphound.com/2005/11/13/fox-counsels-viewers-to-share-videos-of-shows/

#20yrsago Sony’s malware uninstaller leaves your computer vulnerable https://www.hack.fi/~muzzy/sony-drm/

#15yrsago Tim Wu on the new monopolists: a “last chapter” for The Master Switch https://web.archive.org/web/20151214010555/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704635704575604993311538482

#15yrsago Man at San Diego airport opts out of porno scanner and grope, told he’ll be fined $10K unless he submits to fondling https://johnnyedge.blogspot.com/2010/11/these-events-took-place-roughly-between.html

#10yrsago 100 useful tips from a bygone era https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/search/index?q=gallaher++how+to+do+it#/?scroll=18

#10yrsago Copyfraud: Anne Frank Foundation claims father was “co-author,” extends copyright by decades https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/14/books/anne-frank-has-a-co-as-diary-gains-co-author-in-legal-move.html

#10yrsago Startup uses ultrasound chirps to covertly link and track all your devices https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2015/11/beware-of-ads-that-use-inaudible-sound-to-link-your-phone-tv-tablet-and-pc/

#10yrsago Cop who unplugged his cam before killing a 19-year-old girl is rehired https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2015/11/cop-fired-for-having-lapel-cam-turned-off-a-lot-reinstated-to-force/

#10yrsago Hospitals are patient zero for the Internet of Things infosec epidemic https://web.archive.org/web/20151113050443/https://www.bloomberg.com/features/2015-hospital-hack/

#10yrsago Ol’ Dirty Bastard’s FBI files https://www.muckrock.com/news/archives/2015/nov/13/ol-dirty-bastard-fbi-files/

#10yrsago I-Spy Surveillance Books: a child’s first Snoopers Charter https://scarfolk.blogspot.com/2015/11/i-spy-surveillance-books.html

#10yrsago China routinely tortures human rights lawyers https://www.businessinsider.com/amnesty-international-report-on-torture-2015-11

#10yrsago Fordite: a rare mineral only found in old Detroit auto-painting facilities https://miningeology.blogspot.com/2015/07/the-most-amazing-rocks.html

#10yrsago Facebook won’t remove photo of children tricked into posing for neo-fascist group https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-nottinghamshire-34797757

#5yrsago Big Car wants to pump the brakes on Right to Repair https://pluralistic.net/2020/11/13/said-no-one-ever/#r2r

#1yrago America's richest Medicare fraudsters are untouchable https://pluralistic.net/2024/11/13/last-gasp/#i-cant-breathe

Upcoming appearances (permalink)

London: Enshittification with Sarah Wynn-Williams and Chris Morris, Nov 15
https://www.barbican.org.uk/whats-on/2025/event/cory-doctorow-with-sarah-wynn-williams
London: Downstream IRL with Zack Polanski, Ash Sarkar, and Aaron Bastani (Novara Media), Nov 17
https://dice.fm/partner/tickets/event/oen5rr-downstream-irl-aaron-bastani-in-conversation-with-cory-doctorow-17th-nov-earth-london-tickets
London: Enshittification with Carole Cadwalladr (Frontline Club), Nov 18
https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/in-conversation-enshittification-tickets-1785553983029
Virtual: Enshittification at the Internet Archive, Nov 21
https://www.eventbrite.com/e/book-talk-enshittification-tickets-1839608451399
Virtual: Enshittification with Vass Bednar (Vancouver Public Library), Nov 21
https://www.crowdcast.io/@bclibraries-present
Toronto: Jailbreaking Canada (OCAD U), Nov 27
https://www.ocadu.ca/events-and-exhibitions/jailbreaking-canada
San Diego: Enshittification at the Mission Hills Branch Library, Dec 1
https://libraryfoundationsd.org/events/doctorow
Seattle: Neuroscience, AI and Society (University of Washington), Dec 4
https://www.eventbrite.com/e/neuroscience-ai-and-society-cory-doctorow-tickets-1735371255139
Madison, CT: Enshittification at RJ Julia, Dec 8
https://rjjulia.com/event/2025-12-08/cory-doctorow-enshittification
Hamburg: Chaos Communications Congress, Dec 27-30
https://events.ccc.de/congress/2025/infos/index.html

Recent appearances (permalink)

How to dis-Enshittify the world (Blood In the Machine)
https://www.bloodinthemachine.com/p/how-to-dis-enshittify-the-world-with
Reimagining Digital Public Infrastructure (Attention: Govern Or Be Governed)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F8JuXDfDtBY
Enshittification and How To Fight It (ILSR)
https://www.whoshallrule.com/p/enshittification-and-how-to-fight
Big Tech’s “Enshittification” & Bill McKibben on Solar Hope for the Planet
https://www.writersvoice.net/2025/11/cory-doctorow-on-big-techs-enshittification-bill-mckibben-on-solar-hope-for-the-planet/
Enshittification and the Rot Economy with Ed Zitron (Clarion West)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tz71pIWbFyc

Latest books (permalink)

"Canny Valley": A limited edition collection of the collages I create for Pluralistic, self-published, September 2025
"Enshittification: Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, October 7 2025
https://us.macmillan.com/books/9780374619329/enshittification/
"Picks and Shovels": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about the heroic era of the PC, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2025 (https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250865908/picksandshovels).
"The Bezzle": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about prison-tech and other grifts, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2024 (the-bezzle.org).
"The Lost Cause:" a solarpunk novel of hope in the climate emergency, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), November 2023 (http://lost-cause.org).
"The Internet Con": A nonfiction book about interoperability and Big Tech (Verso) September 2023 (http://seizethemeansofcomputation.org). Signed copies at Book Soup (https://www.booksoup.com/book/9781804291245).
"Red Team Blues": "A grabby, compulsive thriller that will leave you knowing more about how the world works than you did before." Tor Books http://redteamblues.com.
"Chokepoint Capitalism: How to Beat Big Tech, Tame Big Content, and Get Artists Paid, with Rebecca Giblin", on how to unrig the markets for creative labor, Beacon Press/Scribe 2022 https://chokepointcapitalism.com

Upcoming books (permalink)

"Unauthorized Bread": a middle-grades graphic novel adapted from my novella about refugees, toasters and DRM, FirstSecond, 2026
"Enshittification, Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It" (the graphic novel), Firstsecond, 2026
"The Memex Method," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 2026
"The Reverse-Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book about being a better AI critic, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2026

Colophon (permalink)

Today's top sources:

Currently writing:

"The Reverse Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book for Farrar, Straus and Giroux about being an effective AI critic. FIRST DRAFT COMPLETE AND SUBMITTED.
A Little Brother short story about DIY insulin PLANNING

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